政治与学术的张力: 蔡元培“去行政化”教育管理思想论略

蔡元培在现实与理想的困顿中追求教育管理“去行政化”:对内官僚？除,强化专家治校,取得很大成就; 对外政治抗拒,倡教育独立,但成效了了。蔡元培“去行政化”教育管理思想与实践告诉我们,教育“去行政化”应有所为有所不为:要构建专业型学校管理文化,实行校长管理专业化; 建立服务与监督的府校关系,而不能以反官僚的名义片面追求教育自由与教育独立。
In the dilemma between ideal and reality, Cai Yuanpei pursued de-administration(protecting academic freedom against undue interference from administrative power)in educational management. Internally, he made great achievements in removing unnecessary bureaucracy and encouraging professors’ engagement in university governance. Externally, he advocated the separation between politics and education to ensure the independence of education. However, such a proposition produced limited effect. Based on his theory and related practices, it is concluded that we should wisely choose what to do in educational de-administration. Hence, we ought to cultivate good professionalism in school management, implement professional management of presidents, and establish a balanced relationship between the government and schools for offering service and supervision, rather than make a one-sided pursuit of absolute education freedom and independence in the name of anti-bureaucracy