论斯特恩的人格描述心理学

德国著名心理学家斯特恩所提出的人格描述心理学,是对狄尔泰浪漫主义描述心理学传统的传承和发展。他受狄尔泰和艾宾浩斯的双重影响,坚持人文主义与实验主义、描述心理学与说明心理学、理解方法与说明方法的融合统一,主张从多元综合视角来研究心理现象。他的描述心理学以人格主义为哲学基础,主张在心理学人文科学观指导下,通过描述、理解或解释来如实把握具有独特性、目的性、价值性和意义性的完整人格及其内部结构。他的描述心理学与狄尔泰的描述心理学一脉相承,并在具体内容和观点上发展和超越了后者。
The personalistic descriptive psychology, proposed by famous German psychologist Stern, inherits and develops the romantic tradition in descriptive psychology inaugurated by Dilthey. Influenced by Dilthey and Ebbinghaus, Stern insisted on the unifications between: humanism and experimentalism; descriptive psychology and explanatory psychology; descriptive method and explanatory method. He also advocated that we should study man’s mental phenomena from multiple and comprehensive angles. On the philosophical basis of personalism, he held that descriptive, understanding and explanatory methods should be adopted to truly grasp the uniqueness, purpose, value and significance of integral personality and its internal structure. Stern’s personalistic descriptive psychology, in line with Dilthey’s descriptive psychology, develops and surpasses the latter on some concrete issues