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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
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植物胚拯救技术的影响因素及其应用
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2014.05.028, PP. 143-148
Keywords: 胚拯救技术,植物育种,胚培养
Abstract:
胚拯救技术在拯救败育胚、阻止胚早期退化和培育新三倍体及多倍体等种质资源方面具有重要作用。植物胚拯救方法主要有3种:胚的活体转移、胚的活体培养及胚的离体培养。在植物胚的离体培养过程中,依据需拯救的植物胚胎发育程度,建立了离体子房培养、胚珠培养和幼胚培养3种培养方式。大量研究结果表明,胚龄、培养基种类及相态、培养条件、渗透压、生长调节剂、外源添加剂和基因型等均会影响植物胚拯救的成败,因而胚拯救技术作为传统育种方法的辅助手段,在突破拯救的胚龄极限、提高植株再生率等方面还有进一步发展的空间。此外,结合胚拯救技术和分子生物学的研究手段,有望通过遗传转化稳定不同特性的新种质,创新植物种质资源。
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