涌泉根灌双点源交汇入渗湿润体试验研究
Moist body of two-point source interference infiltration of surge root irrigation

【目的】探求涌泉根灌土壤水分运移及分布特性，为涌泉根灌理论研究及技术要素确定提供参考。【方法】在20 L的灌水量和160~300 min的灌水历时条件下，以滴头流量（4，6，8 L/h）、滴头间距（30，50 cm）为变量，通过变化其中的一个量进行双点源交汇入渗条件下的涌泉根灌试验，测定并分析湿润体水平剖面和垂直剖面湿润锋运移和水分分布的变化规律。【结果】涌泉根灌双点源交汇入渗不同布置方式对水平、垂直剖面湿润锋运移及水分分布有一定影响，不同流量（4，6，8 L/h）入渗结束后24 h，水平和垂直方向湿润锋分别相差1.5，4.0 cm；4.2，2.8 cm和6.7，6.8 cm。不同滴头间距（30，50 cm）入渗结束后24 h，水平剖面水平方向和交汇界面湿润锋分别增加24.5，11.3 cm和17.7，20.3 cm，垂直剖面水平方向和交汇界面湿润锋分别增加26.0，30.2 cm和22.1，36.6 cm。灌水量和滴头间距相同条件下，灌水结束时大滴头流量湿润体表层土壤的含水量较高，但深层土壤含水量较小滴头流量低。【结论】在灌水量20 L和灌水历时160～300 min条件下，涌泉根灌滴头流量和滴头间距对湿润体的运移、交汇时间、土壤含水量均有影响。
【Objective】This study explored the water movement and distribution characteristics under surge root irrigation to provide reference for theory and technical elements of surge root irrigation.【Method】With irrigation amount of 20 L and irrigation time of 160-300 min,dripper flow rate (4,6,and 8 L/h) and emitter spacing (30 and 50 cm) were used as variables to conduct the surge root irrigation experiment at the condition of tow point source interference infiltration.The movement of moisture and water distribution at horizontal and vertical cross-sections of moist body were measured and analyzed.【Result】Different arrangements of two-point source interference infiltration for surge root irrigation had influences on horizontal and vertical movement of wetting front and water distribution.24 h after infiltration with different flow rates (4,6,and 8 L/h),differences between horizontal and vertical wetting fronts were 1.5,4.0 cm and 4.2,2.8 cm and 6.7,6.8 cm,respectively.24 h after infiltration with different emitter spacing (30 cm and 50 cm),horizontal direction wetting front increased by 24.5 and 11.3 cm and that of intersection increased by 17.7 and 20.3 cm,while vertical direction wetting front increased by 26.0 and 30.2 cm and that of intersection increased by 22.1 and 36.6 cm.With same emitter spacing and irrigation amount,big dripper resulted in higher soil moist body at surface while small dripper resulted in low flow rate at deep soil.【Conclusion】With irrigation amount of 20 L and irrigation time of 160－300 min,both flow rate and emitter spacing had effects on wet body migration,convergence time,and soil moisture