栓皮栎软木膨化除杂工艺研究
Expansion and impurity removal technology for Quercus variabilis cork

【目的】研究软木膨化除杂的影响因素，确立较优的软木膨化除杂工艺。【方法】采用正交试验设计，对产自陕西、甘肃、湖北的栓皮栎软木的膨化除杂工艺进行优化。【结果】膨化压力、保压时间和预处理方式均是栓皮栎软木体积膨胀率和除杂率的主要影响因素，其中膨化压力的影响达到极显著水平，保压时间和预处理方式的影响达到显著或一般显著水平。在试验范围内，栓皮栎软木较优的膨化除杂工艺为膨化压力0.9 MPa，保压时间20 min，预处理方式为沸水蒸煮1 h，软木厚度为15～20 mm。【结论】在较优工艺下膨化栓皮栎软木的体积膨胀率为 40.35%，除杂率为22.15%，可以获得良好的膨化效果。
【Objective】The research studied the factors influencing expansion and impurity remove from Quercus variabilis cork to obtain the optimal technology.【Method】Orthogonal experimental design was used to investigate the expansion and impurity removing technology for Q.variabilis cork from Shaanxi,Gansu and Hubei province.【Result】Extrusion pressure,pressure holding time and pretreatment method were the main factors of cork volume expansion and impurity removal rate.Effect of extrusion pressure was extremely significant while effect of holding time and pretreatment method were significant or generally significant.In the experimental range,the optimal conditions were: expansion pressure 0.9 MPa,holding time 20 min,pretreatment with boiling water for 1 h,and thickness 15－20 mm.【Conclusion】Under the optimal conditions,the volume expansion rate was 40.35% and impurity removal rate was 22.15%