吉富罗非鱼成鱼对8种常见植物源饲料原料的表观消化率
Apparent digestibility coefficients of adult Oreochromis niloticus to ingredients of eight common botanical feeds

【目的】研究吉富罗非鱼成鱼对8种植物源饲料原料中营养成分和总能的表观消化率(ADC)，为吉富罗非鱼饲料的配制提供科学依据。【方法】选择6种植物源蛋白原料(全脂膨化大豆、豆粕、棉粕、菜粕、花生粕、玉米蛋白粉)和2种能量原料(小麦麸、面粉)，分别与基础饲料按照3∶7的质量比配制成试验饲料，投喂体质量为(290.6±5.8) g/尾的吉富罗非鱼成鱼，1周后，采用网捞法收集成型完整的粪便，研究吉富罗非鱼成鱼对8种原料的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、总能、总磷和氨基酸的ADC。【结果】吉富罗非鱼成鱼对8种原料粗脂肪的ADC差异不显著(P＞0.05)，均高于89.42%；对8种原料粗蛋白、总能的ADC和氨基酸的平均ADC均以面粉最高，小麦麸最低；各原料氨基酸的平均ADC变化趋势与蛋白质的ADC趋势一致。在6种蛋白质原料中，吉富罗非鱼成鱼对其粗蛋白、氨基酸平均、总能和总磷的ADC分别为85.70%～94.41%，89.07%～95.87%，62.92%～94.64%和32.96%～83.39%；其中，对全脂膨化大豆、豆粕、棉粕、花生粕和玉米蛋白粉粗蛋白的ADC均高于89%，且这5种原料间无显著差异(P＞0.05)；对花生粕、玉米蛋白粉和全脂膨化大豆总能的ADC显著高于菜粕和棉粕(P＜0.05)，而与豆粕无显著差异(P＞0.05)；对玉米蛋白粉总磷的ADC显著高于其他原料(P＜0.05)。【结论】玉米蛋白粉、花生粕、全脂膨化大豆、豆粕可作为吉富罗非鱼成鱼饲料中优质的蛋白源，面粉则是吉富罗非鱼成鱼饲料中优质的能量源。
【Objective】To improve the precision of feed formulation,apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of adult Oreochromis niloticus to nutrient and total energy of eight common botanical feeds were determined.【Method】ADC values of adult Oreochromis niloticus (（290.6±5.8） g) to crude protein (ADCp),lipid (ADCl),energy (ADCe),phosphorus (ADCps) and amino acids (ADCa) in six botanical protein ingredients (extruded full-fat soybean meal,soybean meal,cottonseed meal,rapeseed meal,peanut meal and corn gluten meal) and two botanical energy ingredients (wheat bran and wheat flour) were determined using a reference diet.Test diets contained 70% reference diet and 30% feed ingredients by weight.Fecal materials (intact strands) were collected with a fine-mesh net after one week.【Result】ADCp,ADCe and average ADCa values were highest in wheat flour and lowest in wheat bran.ADCl values in all feed ingredients were above 89.24%,showing no significant differences among treatments (P>0.05).The ADC of amino acids had a positive correlation with ADC of crude protein for a given ingredient.ADCp,average ADCa,ADCe and ADCps of the six plant protein sources ranged from 85.70% to 94.41%,89.07% to 95.87%,62.92% to 94.64% and 32.96% to 83.39%,respectively.In the six botanical protein sources,ADCps values were more than 89% in extruded full-fat soybean meal,soybean meal,cottonseed meal,peanut meal and corn gluten meal,with no remarkable differences among these ingredients (P＞0.05).ADCe values in full-fat soybean meal,peanut meal and corn gluten meal were significantly higher (P＜0.05) than in cotton seed meal and rapeseed meal,and ADCps value in corn gluten meal was significantly higher (P＜0.05) than in the others.【Conclusion】Corn gluten meal,peanut meal,extruded full-fat soybean meal and soybean meal could be used as sources of high quality protein sources for adult Oreochromis niloticus,and wheat flour could be used as superior