微生物对偶氮染料脱色降解的研究进展
Advance in microbial decolorization and degradation of azo dyes

近年来，随着印染与染料工业的发展，染料的数量和品种不断增多，由染料废水造成的污染呈增加的趋势，开发环境友好、高效、快速、低成本的染料废水处理方法是当前研究的热点。目前利用微生物处理偶氮染料废水的应用和研究居于首位，许多研究者致力于高效脱色偶氮染料微生物的筛选、分离和驯化。文章详细介绍了微生物对偶氮染料的脱色机制，并对目前研究所涉及的细菌、真菌、藻类以及混合菌群脱色偶氮染料的现状进行了分析，对今后的研究方向和重点内容进行了展望，为偶氮染料废水微生物处理技术的应用提供参考。
With the development of textile printing and dying industry in recent years,synthetic dyestuffs are increasing in both number and variety and their improper discharges in aqueous ecosystems lead to severe water pollution.Developing eco-friendly,efficient,fast,and low-cost treatment methods is a hot research spot at present.Currently,the application and research of microorganisms for azo dyes wastewater treatment attract the most attention and many researches focus on the selection, isolation and domestication of potent species.This review introduces the mechanisms involving in the decolorization and degradation of azo dyes and related bacteria,fungi,algae and their consortium.This review also prospects the future application and research highlights to provide reference for the treatment of azo dye-containing wastewaters