浙江省农家柿品种果实营养成分的变异分析
Variation analysis of fruit nutrients of native persimmon in Zhejiang Province

【目的】对农家柿品种的营养成分进行分析，为高营养型优良柿品种的选育及品质育种提供科学依据。【方法】以172份浙江省农家柿资源为研究对象，对13个柿果实营养指标值进行变异分析、指标值分布频率分析和Kolmogorv Smimov(K-S)检验、概率分级及相关分析等。【结果】浙江省172份农家柿果实的含水量为62.22～85.63 g/hg，平均为78.96 g/hg，主要分布在75.00～85.00 g/hg；可溶性固形物含量为11.07～29.06 g/hg，平均为17.26 g/hg，主要分布在14.00～20.00 g/hg；可溶性糖含量为7.73～16.83 g/hg，平均为11.60 g/hg，主要分布在9.00～14.50 g/hg；淀粉含量为0.03～4.21 g/hg，平均为1.12 g/hg，主要分布在0.03～2.00 g/hg；粗纤维含量为0.32～1.76 g/hg，平均为0.80 g/hg，主要分布在0.25～1.50 g/hg；粗蛋白含量为0.12～2.04 g/hg，平均为0.48 g/hg，主要分布在0.25～0.60 g/hg；维生素C含量为0.92～51.45 mg/hg，平均为17.25 mg/hg，主要分布在3.30～20.00 mg/hg；β-胡萝卜素含量为18.40～1 350.90μg/hg，平均为238.44 μg/hg，主要分布在18.40～400.00 μg/hg；类胡萝卜素含量为3.90～114.70 μg/g，平均为 30.82 μg/g，主要分布在6.70～33.40 μg/g；磷含量为4.92～50.95 mg/hg，平均为20.70 mg/hg，主要分布在13.00～27.00 mg/hg；钙含量为2.61～22.64 mg/hg，平均为7.72 mg/hg，主要分布在4.00～12.00 mg/hg；钾含量为88.26～420.22 mg/hg，平均为176.74 mg/hg，主要分布在100.00～225.00 mg/hg。13个营养指标的变异系数为5.16%～86.57%，变异系数最低者为含水量，最高者为可溶性单宁；Shannon-Winer多样性指数为1.64～2.07，最低者为粗蛋白，最高者为可溶性糖。K-S检验显示，粗蛋白含量不符合正态分布，可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、粗纤维、维生素C和P、K、Ca完全符合正态分布，含水量、淀粉、单宁、β-胡萝卜素和类胡萝卜素5个指标为偏态分布。数量性状的概率分级表明，含水量的3级分界值为73.7和84.2 g/hg，可溶性糖含量的3级分界值为9.2和14.0 g/hg，可溶性固形物的3级分界值为13.6和21.0 g/hg，淀粉的3级分界值为0.1和2.1 g/hg，粗纤维的3级分界值为0.5和1.2 g/hg。相关性分析显示，除含水量与可溶性固形物含量呈显著负相关（相关系数为－0.8）外，其余指标间的相关性均不显著。【结论】浙江省农家柿资源营养成分变异丰富，各营养成分含量呈现多样性，具有选育优良品种的价值。
【Objective】This study analyzed the nutrients of native persimmon to provide a scientific basis for breeding of excellent persimmon varieties with high nutritional quality.【Method】Taking 172 native persimmon resources in Zhejiang Province as study material,the mutation analysis,index value frequency distribution analysis,K－S test,probability classification and correlation analysis of 13 nutrition indicators were conducted.【Result】Among the 172 native persimmon varieties in Zhejiang Province,water contents were 62.22-85.63 g/hg with the average of 78.96 g/hg,and mainly distributed in 75.00-85.00 g/hg.Soluble solids contents were 11.07-29.06 g/hg with an average of 17.26 g/hg and mainly distributed in 14.00-20.00 g/hg.Soluble sugar contents were 7.73-16.83 g/hg with an average of 11.60 g/hg,and mainly distributed in 9.00-14.50 g/hg.Starch contents were 0.03-4.21 g/hg with an average of 1.12 g/hg,and mainly distributed in 0.03-2.00 g/hg.Crude fiber contents were 0.32-1.76 g/hg with an average of 0.80 g/hg,and mainly distributed in 0.25-1.50 g/hg.Crude protein contents were 0.12-2.04 g/hg with an average of 0.48 g/hg,and mainly distributed in 0.25-0.60 g/hg.Vitamin C contents were 0.92-51.45 mg/hg with an average of 17.25 mg/hg,and mainly distributed in 3.30-20.00 mg/hg.β－carotene contents