Objective. As the consequences of Mycoplasma genitalium in pregnant women are unknown, we examined the relationship between prenatal M. genitalium infection and SAB. Methods. The presence of M. genitalium was determined by PCR in urine from 82 women who subsequently experienced a SAB and 134 women who maintained their pregnancies past 22 weeks gestation. The relationships between M. genitalium and subsequent SAB, demographic, current pregnancy, and reproductive health history characteristics were evaluated. Results. Compared to women without M. genitalium, women with M. genitalium were more likely to report nulliparity (41.7% versus 17.4%, ), history of pelvic inflammatory disease (27.3% versus 8.8%, ), prior C. trachomatis infection (63.6% versus 36.9%, ) and problems getting pregnant (18.2% versus 4.4%, ). M. genitalium was not associated with SAB (AOR 0.9, 95% CI 0.2–3.8). Conclusions. Pregnant women who test positive for M. genitalium do not have an increased risk of SAB but report a history of reproductive morbidities. 1. Introduction Spontaneous abortion (SAB), the loss of a conceptus prior to 20 weeks, is the most common adverse outcome of pregnancy, occurring in an estimated 15% of clinically recognized pregnancies [1] and up to 50% of all pregnancies [2]. Many SABs occurring in the first trimester are due to phenotypic and/or chromosomal abnormalities, while environmental factors may have a greater impact on SAB occurring in later pregnancy [2]. Evidence suggests that sexually transmitted bacterial and viral infections, such as Treponema pallidum, bacterial vaginosis (BV), and Chlamydia trachomatis, may play a role in SAB [3–13]. Mycoplasma genitalium, a sexually transmitted bacterium, has been linked to various adverse gynecologic and reproductive events. It has been associated with cervicitis [14–17] and has been implicated as an etiological agent of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) independent of C. trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae [17–20]. Furthermore, it has been detected in cervical and salpingeal samples from women with laparoscopically confirmed salpingitis [21] and in cervical and endometrial specimens from women with histologically confirmed endometritis [18]. A serologic relationship between M. genitalium and tubal factor infertility has also been identified [22, 23]. Because M. genitalium has been associated with these morbidities, it is plausible that M. genitalium can infect the upper genital tract during pregnancy, resulting in adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, data on M. genitalium in pregnancy are sparse. Whereas two
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