ecologicalcharacteristicsofplantsofharboirangeland,kalat,pakistan

thefloristiccomposition,ecologicalcharacteristicsandethnoecologyofplantsofharboirangeland(kalat,pakistan)weredoneduring1997to1999.therewere202speciesthatbelongedto45plantfamiliesasteraceae,papilionaceae,poaceae,brassicaceaeandlamiaceaeweretheleadingfamilies.juniperusmacropodawastheonlytreespecieswhileartemesiamaritima,sophoragriffithii,hertiaintermedia,nepetajuncea,perovskiaabrotanoides,convolvulusleiocalycinusandastragalusspp.werethemostcommonshrubs.thedominantlifeformsweretherophyteandhemicryptophytewhilenanophylls,microphyllsandleptophyllsweredominantleafsizes.thegrowingseasonlastsfrommarchtonovemberwithtwofloweringperiods.most,i.e.83.6%plantsfloweredduringapriltojunewhile63.3%plantsbloomedduringjulytoseptember.some145specieshadvariouslocaluses.theyincluded129fodderspecies,50medicinalspecies,12vegetable/fruitsspecies,7fuelwoodspecies,3specieseachwereusedforroofthatchingandmakingherbaltea.deforestation,overgrazingandovercollection0fmedicinalandfuelwoodspecieshaveledtothedegradationofthisrangeland.thereisneedtoconservetheseresourceswiththeparticipationoflocalcommunities.