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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
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原油裂解的动力学及控制因素研究
Keywords: 原油裂解气,黄金管热模拟,动力学,压力,水,粘土矿物
Abstract:
？基于黄金管模拟实验对原油裂解的动力学及控制因素进行了研究。通过气态烃的定量分析，发现原油的持续裂解使得总裂解气体积及ch4产量不断增加，而c2-5的产量则先增加后减少。动力学计算可得，hd11井原油裂解生气总反应的平均活化能为59.8kcal/mol(250.0kj/mol），频率因子a为2.13×1013s-1。残留原油组分的色质分析结果表明，不同族组分的相对稳定性存在差异，且原油中的大分子更容易发生裂解。同时，不同介质条件下的对比实验结果及前人的研究，都证实了压力、水及粘土矿物等因素很可能影响甚至控制原油的裂解。尽管作用机制不同，高压和水的存在都能抑制裂解过程中的自由基链反应，从而起到提高原油稳定性的效果。而粘土矿物，尤其是蒙脱石或伊/蒙混层矿物，则会通过酸催化作用加速原油或烃类的裂解，且裂解气产率与矿物表面的brnsted酸位强度成正相关。
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