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利用地震信息定量预测烃源岩热成熟度——以琼东南盆地乐东—陵水凹陷为例

Keywords: 琼东南盆地深水区,乐东—陵水凹陷,烃源岩,ro,-φ预测模型,地震绝对速度,有色反演

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Abstract:

?琼东南盆地深水区钻测井数量少、钻遇层位浅和难以获取高精度地层速度,不利于有机质成熟度的预测。为此,本文从烃源岩镜质体反射率—孔隙度(ro-φ)预测模型建立和地层速度提取两个关键环节入手,形成了一套适用于琼东南盆地乐东—陵水凹陷的烃源岩成熟度地震定量预测方法:①采用研究区及邻区烃源岩ro与φ的乘方关系,建立了烃源岩ro-φ预测模型;②利用有色反演方法确定了相对速度分量与低频速度分量,再将相对速度分量与低频速度分量合成为频带适中的地震绝对速度。对比ro-tti方法与本文采用的ro-φ方法的烃源岩成熟度预测效果可知:前者预测有机质成熟度精度更高,适用于勘探程度较高的地区;后者主要基于地震、钻井和地质资料,可以从宏观上了解烃源岩的空间展布及生烃潜力,适用于勘探程度较低的地区。古近系烃源岩成熟度的地震定量预测结果表明,古近系烃源岩在凹陷中心部位成熟度较高,向四周逐步降低,表现为:古近系上部渐新统(陵水组、崖城组)烃源岩达到成熟—高成熟阶段,局部地区甚至达到过成熟阶段,现今及成藏期对本区供烃具有重要贡献,其中崖城组烃源岩生烃最为有利;下部始新统烃源岩在全区几乎处于过成熟阶段。

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