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海上地震勘探气枪阵列子波方向性分析

Keywords: 海上地震勘探,气枪阵列,子波方向性,虚反射,远场子波合成,点震源

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Abstract:

?海上地震勘探大多使用气枪或气枪阵列作为震源激发地震波。气枪阵列是由多条气枪组合而成的,具有一定的长度和宽度,同时由于数据采集现场条件的限制,所设计的气枪阵列很难达到严格的圆对称空间布局,从而使得气枪阵列不满足点震源的假设,其激发子波的能量随传播方向的变化而变化。本文依据气枪阵列远场子波合成原理,引入三维极坐标系,综合考虑气枪阵列的空间布局及虚反射的影响,推导出气枪阵列子波方向性的计算方法;基于实际气枪阵列,利用该方法针对气枪阵列子波与水平方位角和垂直方位角的关系,以及子波能量在三维空间中的分布情形等进行了细致分析。

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