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甘露糖筛选体系及在转基因玉米商业化中的应用

, PP. 13-21

Keywords: 磷酸甘露糖异构酶,筛选标记,安全性分析,转基因植物检测,甘露糖

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Abstract:

甘露糖在己糖激酶的作用下形成6-磷酸甘露糖,进一步在磷酸甘露糖异构酶(Phosphomannoseisomerase,PMI)的催化下转化成植物可利用的6-磷酸果糖,从而使转化细胞在甘露糖作为主要碳源的培养基上正常生长,而非转化细胞生长受到抑制。这一筛选体系被认为是一种正向筛选(Positiveselection),已被成功地应用于重要的粮食作物和经济作物中。甘露糖筛选的植株可以通过多种方法检测,其中氯酚红检测法和试纸条检测法简单方便,适用于初步筛选。甘露糖筛选体系安全高效,已被应用于玉米商业化产品中。综述了甘露糖(mannose)筛选体系的原理、筛选特点、植株的鉴定、筛选方法的优缺点以及在商业化中的应用,列举了利用甘露糖筛选的玉米单性状转化系用于抗鳞翅目和抗鞘翅目昆虫及抗高温淀粉酶的范例及其在育种叠加中的应用。这种育种叠加使得甘露糖筛选的性状与其他性状重叠而得到更广谱的具有抗除草剂抗虫性状的商业化产品。

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