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基于GIS的农村道路体系空间格局及地形梯度分异效应分析——以重庆市忠县拔山镇为例

Keywords: 机耕道,生产路,农村公路,空间格局,地形梯度,忠县

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Abstract:

立足丘陵山区农村道路结构功能与布局特点,以重庆市忠县拔山镇为例,研究地貌形态差异显著的地理空间单元农村道路体系空间格局特征及其在海拔高度、坡度、坡向、地形起伏度、地表切割深度、平面变率和剖面变率7个地貌形态要素上的梯度分异效应。结果表明:地势越平坦的地理空间单元农村道路体系结构越均衡、网络效率越高,且区位优势越突出的单元,农村道路网络越发达;农村道路通达弹性大但不同类型道路地形梯度效应既具有差异性又存在一定的关联性。农村道路体系中,生产路所占比例高于机耕道和农村公路,其对地形梯度变化的适宜性相对较强;各地形梯度上生产路、机耕道和农村公路互为补充,具有结构和功能的完整性及其组合效应的叠加性。因此,农村道路体系以一定的结构和功能融于农业自然人文景观,多顺应区域局地微地貌形态而建,在一定程度上,其空间格局受微地貌形态“引导与阻隔效应”甚为显著。

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