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苯甲酸对仔猪肠道微生物及代谢产物的影响

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.04.025

Keywords: 苯甲酸,肠道微生物,挥发性脂肪酸,仔猪

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Abstract:

本试验分为体内试验和体外试验,体内试验旨在研究饲粮添加苯甲酸对仔猪消化道食糜pH、微生物菌群结构及代谢产物的影响;体外试验旨在进一步探讨苯甲酸对约氏乳杆菌和大肠杆菌的直接作用。1)体内试验,选取20头体重为(18.75±0.20)kg的健康“杜×长×大”去势公猪,随机分为2组,即对照组和苯甲酸组(5000mg/kg),每组10个重复,每个重复1头猪。试验期14d。2)体外试验,以体内试验测定的肠道食糜中苯甲酸浓度及消化道食糜pH为基础,进一步研究不同苯甲酸浓度(0、5、15、30、200、1000mg/L)及pH(5.0、5.5、6.0、6.5、7.0)对大肠杆菌ATCC25922、约氏乳杆菌JJB3的影响。结果表明:1)体内试验,与对照组相比,饲粮添加5000mg/kg苯甲酸显著提高十二指肠、回肠食糜中苯甲酸浓度(P<0.05),显著降低胃、回肠、结肠食糜pH(P<0.05),极显著降低直肠食糜pH(P<0.01);显著提高回肠食糜中乳酸杆菌数量(P<0.05),有提高回肠和盲肠食糜中双歧杆菌及盲肠食糜中乳酸杆菌数量的趋势(P<0.10);对盲肠食糜中微生物代谢产物丙酸、丁酸、总挥发性脂肪酸浓度有提高的趋势(P<0.10)。2)体外试验,约氏乳杆菌JJB3OD600值随着pH提高而增加,对苯甲酸浓度具有较强的耐受力,5、15、30、200mg/L苯甲酸均具有一定的益菌能力,其中30和200mg/L的益菌能力更好;不同浓度苯甲酸对大肠杆菌ATCC25922的生长均具有一定的抑菌能力,在pH为5.0和5.5时,高浓度的苯甲酸抑菌能力更明显。研究表明,饲粮添加5000mg/kg苯甲酸降低了仔猪消化道食糜pH,促进了有益菌的生长,改善了肠道微生物菌群结构,并提高微生物代谢产物丙酸、丁酸及总挥发性脂肪酸的浓度。

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