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不同能量水平的饲粮对3~6月龄犊牛生长发育及血清指标的影响

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.04.014

Keywords: 犊牛,能量,生长,乳腺发育,血清指标

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Abstract:

本试验旨在研究不同能量水平的饲粮对3~6月龄犊牛生长发育及相关血清指标的影响。选取约98日龄中国荷斯坦断奶母犊牛32头，随机分为A、B、C和D4个组，对应饲喂产奶净能分别为6.24、7.04、7.53和7.85MJ/kg的试验饲粮，试验期82d。于犊牛98、120、150和180日龄清晨空腹测定犊牛生长发育指标，并采集血液样品进行分析。结果表明：1）在试验全期（98~180日龄），4组犊牛平均日增重分别为0.64、0.75、0.78和0.84kg/d，组间差异不显著（P>0.05），但151~180日龄，D组犊牛平均日增重极显著高于A组（P<0.01）。2）在180日龄，D组犊牛的体斜长较A组显著提高（P<0.05）；D组犊牛体况评分极显著高于A组（P<0.01）。3）产奶净能为7.53和7.85MJ/kg的饲粮可显著改善犊牛饲料转化率（P<0.05）；饲粮不同能量水平对各日龄犊牛乳头长度影响不显著（P>0.05）。4）在试验全期，高产奶净能饲粮组（C、D组）犊牛血清胆固醇含量显著高于A组（P<0.05）；血清低密度脂蛋白含量随饲粮产奶净能升高呈升高的趋势（P<0.10），血清尿素氮含量则出现降低的趋势（P<0.10）。5）饲喂产奶净能为7.04MJ/kg的饲粮时，犊牛血清雌二醇和瘦素含量最高；饲喂产奶净能为7.85MJ/kg的饲粮时，犊牛血清胰岛素和胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ含量最低。由此得出，饲喂产奶净能为7.53MJ/kg的饲粮既可保持3~6月龄犊牛较高平均日增重（0.78kg/d），又不会影响犊牛健康、体型及乳腺的正常发育。

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