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亚麻油替代鱼油对鲤鱼生长性能、肝胰脏脂质代谢及抗氧化能力的影响

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.02.018

Keywords: 鲤鱼,亚麻油,鱼油,生长性能,脂质代谢,抗氧化能力

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Abstract:

在一种实用饲料配方的基础上,用亚麻油分别替代0(对照组)、25%、50%、75%、100%)的鱼油配制成5种等氮等能(粗蛋白质含量为35%,总能为15MJ/kg)的试验饲料,在室内循环养殖系统中饲喂5组鲤鱼[初重(5.81±0.23)g]8周,以研究亚麻油替代不同水平鱼油对鲤鱼生长性能、体组成、肝胰脏脂质代谢和抗氧化指标的影响。结果表明:随着亚麻油替代鱼油水平的升高,鲤鱼的特定生长率(SGR)呈现先升高后降低的趋势,以25%组最高,显著高于75%和100%组(P<0.05);而饲料系数(FCR)则表现出相反的变化趋势,以25%组最低,显著低于100%组(P<0.05)。蛋白质效率(PER)和成活率(SR)在各组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。对照组全鱼粗蛋白质含量显著高于其他组(P<0.05),而粗脂肪含量则显著低于除25%组外的其他各组(P<0.05)。亚麻油替代不同水平鱼油对全鱼干物质和粗灰分含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。随着亚麻油替代鱼油水平的升高,肝胰脏脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)活性和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)逐渐降低,而肝胰脏苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)活性则逐渐升高,但对照组与25%组均无显著差异(P<0.05)。各组肝胰脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性无显著差异(P>0.05)。由此可见,亚麻油替代不同水平鱼油对鲤鱼的生长性能、肝胰脏脂质代谢和抗氧化能力产生的影响不同。以亚麻油替代25%鱼油时鲤鱼的生长效果最好,而完全替代鱼油会阻碍鲤鱼的生长,并危及肝胰脏的健康。

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