全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

不同真菌发酵对油菜秸秆养分含量、酶活性及体外发酵有机物降解率的影响

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.07.039

Keywords: 油菜秸秆,白腐真菌,降解率,体外发酵,几丁质,酶活性

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

为提高油菜秸秆的利用率,筛选出油菜秸秆发酵适宜菌种,本试验利用黄孢原毛平革菌(P.chrysosporium)、香菇菌(L.edodes)、虫拟蜡菌(C.subvermispora)、槭射脉革菌(P.acerina)4种真菌接种油菜秸秆,以不加真菌的油菜秸秆为对照,进行50d固态发酵。测定养分含量、养分降解率、锰过氧化物酶和羧甲基纤维素酶活性、体外发酵有机物降解率(IVOMD)和有机物酶解率。结果显示:1)不同真菌发酵油菜秸秆,显著改变了常规养分含量(P<0.05),L.edodes、C.subvermispora、P.chrysosporium发酵显著提高了粗蛋白质含量(P<0.05);2)所有真菌发酵的油菜秸秆中有益成分几丁质含量得到显著提高(P<0.05);3)发酵油菜秸秆干物质、有机物、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤木质素降解率表现为L.edodes组>P.chrysosporium组>P.acerina组和C.subvermispora组,差异显著(P<0.05);4)发酵油菜秸秆锰过氧化物酶活性表现为L.edodes组>P.chrysosporium组>P.acerina组和C.subvermispora组,差异显著(P<0.05),P.acerina组羧甲基纤维素酶的活性显著低于其他试验组(P<0.05);5)与对照组相比,L.edodes和P.chrysosporium发酵使IVOMD显著增加(P<0.05),P.acerina发酵使IVOMD和有机物酶解率显著降低(P<0.05)。结果提示,L.edodes和P.chrysosporium发酵油菜秸秆能够降解纤维物质,改善IVOMD,但同时导致了有机物的浪费。

References

[1]  CHEN G C,JOHNSON B R.Improved colorimetric determination of cell wall chitin in wood decay fungi[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,1983,46(1):13-16.
[2]  WARIISHI H,VALLI K,GOLD M H.Manganese (Ⅱ) oxidation by manganese peroxidase from the basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium.Kinetic mechanisms and role of chelators[J].The Journal of Biological Chemistry,1992,267(33):23688-23695.
[3]  赵蒙蒙,姜曼,周祚万.几种农作物秸秆的成分分析[J].材料导报B:研究篇,2011,25(8):122-125.
[4]  曹国良,张小曳,王亚强,等.中国区域农田秸秆露天焚烧排放量的估算[J].科学通报,2007,52(15):1826-1831.
[5]  张文杰,李琦华,柴艳.秸秆处理方法的研究进展[J].中国畜牧兽医,2011,38(7):30-33.
[6]  ARORA D S,GILL P K.Production of ligninolytic enzymes by Phlebia floridensis[J].World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology,2005,21(6/7):1021-1028.
[7]  SHARMA R K,ARORA D S.Changes in biochemical constituents of paddy straw during degradation by white rot fungi and its impact on in vitro digestibility[J].Journal of Applied Microbiology,2010,109(2):679-686.
[8]  ARORA D S,SHARMA R K.Comparative ligninolytic potential of Phlebia species and their role in improvement of in vitro digestibility of wheat straw[J].Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences,2009,18(1):151-161.
[9]  VAN SOEST P J,ROBERTSON J B,LEWIS B A.Methods for dietary fiber,neutral detergent fiber,and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1991,74(10):3583-3597.
[10]  CONE J W,VAN GELDER A H,VISSCHER G J W,et al.Influence of rumen fluid and substrate concentration on fermentation kinetics measured with a fully automated time related gas production apparatus[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,1996,61(1/2/3/4):113-128.
[11]  RAHMAN M M,LOURENO M,HASSIM H A,et al.Improving ruminal degradability of oil palm fronds using white rot fungi[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2011,169(3/4):157-166.
[12]  TUYEN D V,PHUONG H N,CONE J W,et al.Effect of fungal treatments of fibrous agricultural by-products on chemical composition and in vitro rumen fermentation and methane production[J].Bioresource Technology,2013,129:256-263.
[13]  TUYEN V D,CONE J W,BAARS J J P,et al.Fungal strain and incubation period affect chemical composition and nutrient availability of wheat straw for rumen fermentation[J].Bioresource Technology,2012,111:336-342.
[14]  ZHAO X H,GONG J M,ZHOU S,et al.Effect of fungal treatments of rape straw on chemical composition and in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics[J].BioResources,2015,10(1),622-637.
[15]  GHAFFAR S H,FAN M Z.Structural analysis for lignin characteristics in biomass straw[J].Biomass and Bioenergy,2013,57:264-279.
[16]  GHAFFAR S H,FAN M Z.Lignin in straw and its applications as an adhesive[J].International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives,2014,48:92-101.
[17]  王宏勋,杜甫佑,张晓昱.白腐菌选择性降解秸秆木质纤维素研究[J].华中科技大学学报:自然科学版,2006,34(3):97-100.
[18]  DE SOUZA-CRUZ P B,FREER J,SIIKA-AHO M,et al.Extraction and determination of enzymes produced by Ceriporiopsis subvermispora during biopulping of Pinus taeda wood chips[J].Enzyme and Microbial Technology,2004,34(3/4):228-234.
[19]  ORTH A B,ROYSE D J,TIEN M.Ubiquity of lignin-degrading peroxidases among various wood-degrading fungi[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,1993,59(12):4017-4023.
[20]  ARORA D S,CHANDER M,GILL P K.Involvement of lignin peroxidase,manganese peroxidase and laccase in degradation and selective ligninolysis of wheat straw[J].International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation,2002,50(2):115-120.
[21]  周锐丽,陈轶.甲壳素、壳聚糖的保健功能及应用展望[J].中国食物与营养,2013,19(11):65-69.
[22]  文镜,吕菁菁,戎卫华,等.低聚壳聚糖抑制肿瘤作用的实验观察[J].食品科学,2002,23(8):249-251.

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133