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饲料中氧化鱼油对草鱼生长及肌肉脂肪酸组成的影响

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.06.006

Keywords: 草鱼,氧化鱼油,生长,脂肪酸

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Abstract:

本试验旨在研究饲料中氧化鱼油对草鱼生长及肌肉脂肪酸组成的影响。以豆油、鱼油及氧化鱼油作为饲料脂肪源,分别设计含6%豆油(6S组)、6%鱼油(6F组)、2%氧化鱼油+4%豆油(2OF组)、4%氧化鱼油+2%豆油(4OF组)、6%氧化鱼油(6OF组)的5种等氮等能的半纯化饲料。选取平均体重为(74.82±1.49)g的草鱼350尾,随机分为5组,每组设3个重复,每个重复20尾,试验期为72d。结果表明:与6S组比较,6F、2OF、4OF及6OF组草鱼的特定生长率(SGR)下降了5.81%~11.50%,饲料系数(FCR)增加了8.64%~17.28%,差异显著(P<0.05)。饲料中多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量与草鱼的SGR呈正相关关系(幂函数),而饲料中酸价(AV)、过氧化值(POV)及丙二醛(MDA)含量与草鱼的SGR呈负相关关系(幂函数),与FCR呈正相关关系(幂函数),即饲料中少量的AV、POV及MDA会使草鱼生长速度下降,并降低草鱼对蛋白质的利用率及肌肉中PUFA的含量,干扰脂肪的代谢;随着饲料中AV、POV及MDA含量的进一步增加,对草鱼生长速度、饲料效率的影响处于高位稳定。结果提示,鱼油在提供饲料不饱和脂肪酸的同时,其氧化产物对草鱼生长的副作用也显著显现,保持饲料中适宜的不饱和脂肪酸含量、控制鱼油的氧化酸败是提高草鱼饲料油脂效率的关键。

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