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低鱼粉饲料中补充晶体蛋氨酸和羟基蛋氨酸钙在凡纳滨对虾上饲喂效果的比较研究

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.06.008

Keywords: 凡纳滨对虾,羟基蛋氨酸钙,晶体蛋氨酸,生长性能,血液指标

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Abstract:

本试验旨在比较低鱼粉饲料中补充晶体蛋氨酸和羟基蛋氨酸钙在凡纳滨对虾上的饲喂效果。试验选用初始体重为(0.40±0.00)g的凡纳滨对虾630尾,随机分为7组,每组3个重复,每个重复放养30尾对虾,进行为期8周的饲养试验。试验共配制7种试验饲料,对照组为30%的高鱼粉饲料,试验组饲料为用豆粕、花生粕和鸡肉粉混合蛋白质源分别替代对照饲料中16.67%、33.33%和50.00%鱼粉,并补充羟基蛋氨酸钙或晶体蛋氨酸,使其蛋氨酸含量与对照组一致。结果表明:各组对虾的成活率无显著差异(P>0.05);同一鱼粉替代水平下,羟基蛋氨酸钙组的增重率、特定生长率、饲料效率、蛋白质效率和蛋白质沉积率显著高于晶体蛋氨酸组(P<0.05)。复合蛋白质源替代16.67%鱼粉并补充羟基蛋氨酸钙组的增重率和特定生长率同对照组无显著差异(P>0.05)。各组对虾的全虾粗蛋白质、干物质含量与肌肉粗脂肪、粗灰分含量无显著差异(P>0.05);对照组的全虾粗脂肪含量显著高于各试验组(P<0.05);全虾粗灰分含量以对照组最高,但与复合蛋白质源替代16.67%、33.33%鱼粉并补充羟基蛋氨酸钙组差异不显著(P>0.05)。随着鱼粉替代水平的升高,羟基蛋氨酸钙组的血清总蛋白和甘油三酯含量均呈上升趋势,而晶体蛋氨酸组则呈下降趋势;同时,羟基蛋氨酸钙组与晶体蛋氨酸组的血清总胆固醇含量和碱性磷酸酶活性均有先上升后降低的趋势;血清白蛋白、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白及葡萄糖含量在各组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。由此可见,与补充晶体蛋氨酸相比,低鱼粉饲料中补充羟基蛋氨酸钙能更有效地改善凡纳滨对虾的生长性能和饲料利用效率,但效果仍不及对照饲料。

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