CEBRA C,ANDERSON D E,TIBARY A,et al.Llama and alpaca care:medicine,surgery,reproduction,nutrition,and herd health[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier Health Sciences,2013.
SPONHEIMER M,ROBINSON T,ROEDER B,et al.Digestion and passage rates of grass hays by llamas,alpacas,goats,rabbits,and horses[J].Small Ruminant Research,2003,48(2):149-154.
[7]
SAN MARTIN F,BRYANT F C.Nutrition of domesticated South American llamas and alpacas[J].Small Ruminant Research,1989,2(3):191-216.
[8]
ALDERMAN G.Prediction of the energy value of compound feeds[M]//HARESIGN W,COLE D J A.Recent advances in animal nutrition.London:Butterworths,1985:3-53.
BARTOCCI S,AMICI A,VERNA M,et al.Solid and fluid passage rate in buffalo,cattle and sheep fed diets with different forage to concentrate ratios[J].Livestock Production Science,1997,52(3):201-208.
HELLER R,LECHNER M,WEYRETER H,et al.Forestomach fluid volume and retention of fluid and particles in the gastrointestinal tract of the camel(Camelus dromedarius)[J].Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A,1986,33(1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8/9/10):396-399.
SAN MARTIN HOWARD,F A.Comparative forage selectivity and nutrition of South American camelids and sheep[D].Ph.D.Thesis.Texas:Texas Tech University,1987.
[16]
LECHNER I,BARBOZA P,COLLINS W,et al.Differential passage of fluids and different-sized particles in fistulated oxen(Bos primigenius f.taurus),muskoxen(Ovibos moschatus),reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) and moose(Alces alces):rumen particle size discrimination is independent from contents stratification[J].Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A:Molecular & Integrative Physiology,2010,155(2):211-222.
[17]
HELLER R,CERCASOV V,VON ENGELHARDT W.Retention of fluid and particles in the digestive tract of the llama(Lama guanacoe f.glama)[J].Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A:Physiology,1986,83(4):687-691.
[18]
ABDULLAH D N,LIANG J B,HO Y W.Effects of diets of differing fiber contents on digestibility,passage rate of digesta and heat production in lesser mouse deer (Tragulus javanicus)[J].Mammalian Biology-Zeitschrift für Sugetierkunde,2012:77(6):385-390.
