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胎次和泌乳阶段对荷斯坦奶牛血液乳成分前体物及泌乳相关激素含量的影响

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.04.017

Keywords: 荷斯坦奶牛,胎次,泌乳阶段,乳成分前体物,激素

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Abstract:

本文旨在研究胎次和泌乳阶段对荷斯坦奶牛血液乳成分前体物及泌乳相关激素含量的影响。选取不同泌乳阶段的1~4胎奶牛60头荷斯坦奶牛饲喂相同全混合日粮,每15d采集血液。血液检测参数有葡萄糖(GLU)、甘油三酯(TG)、非酯化脂肪酸(NEFA)、β-羟丁酸(BHBA)、总氨基酸(T-AA)5种乳成分合成前体物及甲状腺素(T4)、生长激素(GH)、皮质醇(COR)、胰岛素(INS)、催乳素(PRL)、孕酮(PRG)6种激素的含量。利用SAS9.2中ProcUniveriate程序进行正态分布检验,利用ProcMixed线性模型评估胎次、泌乳阶段的固定效应。结果表明:1)胎次可显著影响泌乳奶牛血液INS及PRL含量(P<0.05),而对血液COR、GH、PRG、T4及5个乳成分前体物含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)随着泌乳时间延长,血液GLU含量逐渐递增,且泌乳早期(0~21d)显著低于其他泌乳阶段(P<0.05),而泌乳早期血液BHBA和NEFA含量显著高于其他泌乳阶段(P<0.05),同时血液T-AA含量在泌乳中期(22~100d)显著高于其他泌乳阶段(P<0.05);泌乳阶段对奶牛血液COR、GH、PRG、T4和INS含量均有显著的影响(P<0.05),但对血液PRL含量无显著影响(P>0.05),其中泌乳前期COR含量显著高于泌乳中期和后期(201~305d)(P<0.05),而泌乳后期的GH、PRG和T4含量均较高。本方法能提高利用生化检测指标评估泌乳荷斯坦奶牛代谢状态的准确性,可以作为奶牛养殖者监测奶牛健康状态的工具。

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