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饲粮蛋白质水平对冬毛期蓝狐生长性能、营养物质消化代谢及血清生化指标的影响

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2011.12.026

Keywords: 蓝狐,蛋白质水平,生长性能,营养物质消化率,氮代谢,血清生化指标

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Abstract:

本试验旨在研究饲粮蛋白质水平对冬毛期蓝狐生长性能、营养物质消化代谢及血清生化指标的影响。选取16周龄、平均体重为(5.71±0.60)kg的健康雄性蓝狐90只,随机分为6组,每组15个重复,每个重复1只。各组蓝狐分别饲喂蛋白质水平为24%(Ⅰ组)、26%(Ⅱ组)、28%(Ⅲ组)、30%(Ⅳ组)、32%(Ⅴ组)、34%(Ⅵ组)的试验饲粮。预试期7d,正试期80d。结果表明,Ⅲ组蓝狐的末重、平均日增重和饲料转化率均为最高,其中末重极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅴ和Ⅵ组(P<0.01),平均日增重和饲料转化率显著或极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅴ和Ⅵ组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组的干物质消化率极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅴ和Ⅵ组(P<0.01)。蛋白质消化率随着饲粮蛋白质水平的升高有先升高后降低的趋势,但组间差异不显著(P>0.05);而脂肪消化率在饲粮蛋白质水平为28%时最高,且与其他各组存在显著差异(P<0.05)。随着饲粮蛋白质水平的升高,粪氮和尿氮排出量都有升高的趋势,且Ⅴ和Ⅵ组的尿氮排出量极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组(P<0.01)。饲粮蛋白质水平在28%时,蓝狐的净蛋白质利用率和蛋白质生物学价值均为最高,同时氮沉积也处在较高水平。随着饲粮蛋白质水平的升高,血清尿素氮含量呈升高的趋势,而血清总蛋白和白蛋白含量则先升高后降低,且均以Ⅲ组最高。各组间血清谷丙转氨酶活性没有显著差异(P>0.05),而血清谷草转氨酶活性Ⅰ组显著低于其他各组(P<0.05)。结合平均日增重、营养物质消化率、氮代谢以及血清生化指标得出,冬毛期蓝狐饲粮适宜的蛋白质水平为28%。

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