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罗非鱼低鱼粉饲料中脱酚棉籽蛋白替代鱼粉的研究

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2011.12.028

Keywords: 罗非鱼,低鱼粉饲料,脱酚棉籽蛋白,鱼粉

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Abstract:

在实用饲料(含鱼粉6.0%,鱼粉粗蛋白质含量为64.5%)的基础上,用脱酚棉籽蛋白分别替代0、50%和100%的鱼粉,配制成3种等氮等能的试验饲料,以研究罗非鱼低鱼粉饲料中脱酚棉籽蛋白替代鱼粉的可行性。将270尾平均体重为50g的雄性吉富罗非鱼随机分成3组(每组设3个重复,每个重复30尾),其中饲喂替代水平为0的试验饲料的组为对照组。试验期为8周。结果表明:50%替代水平组罗非鱼的末重显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而与100%替代水平组差异不显著(P>0.05)。罗非鱼的特定生长率、蛋白质效率、饲料效率和摄食率组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。随着脱酚棉籽蛋白替代水平的增加,罗非鱼内脏指数显著增加(P<0.05),但肝胰指数、肥满度以及全鱼干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和灰分含量无显著变化(P>0.05)。脱酚棉籽蛋白替代水平对罗非鱼的肝胰脏消化酶活性有显著影响(P<0.05),其中胰蛋白酶活性以50%替代水平组最高,淀粉酶活性以100%替代水平组最高。随着脱酚棉籽蛋白替代水平的增加,各组罗非鱼的肝胰脏总抗氧化能力,谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性以及肝糖原含量显著降低(P<0.05),而丙二醛含量则显著增加(P<0.05)。由此得出,在罗非鱼低鱼粉饲料中,脱酚棉籽蛋白替代鱼粉的水平以不超过50%为宜,过高的替代水平对罗非鱼的免疫应答会产生负面影响。

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