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海南霉素对体外瘤胃微生物发酵和氮代谢的影响

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2011.12.025

Keywords: 海南霉素,剂量,瘤胃发酵,氮代谢

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Abstract:

本试验旨在研究海南霉素对体外瘤胃微生物发酵和氮代谢的影响。试验采用体外24h培养的方法来评价海南霉素的作用,其中体外培养底物(粗蛋白质18%,中性洗涤纤维30%,酸性洗涤纤维22%)精粗比为40∶60。试验分对照组(CON)、10mg/L莫能菌素组(MON,阳性对照)以及0.1、1.0、10.0和100.0mg/L海南霉素组(H0.1、H1.0、H10.0和H100.0)共6个组。发酵24h后立即测定pH,然后采集样品用于挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)、氨态氮(NH3-N)、肽、氨基酸、蛋白酶和脱氨酶的测定及DNA的提取。结果显示,与CON相比,H100.0显著降低了总VFA浓度并提高了pH(P<0.05);H10.0、H100.0和MON显著降低了乙酸、丁酸浓度以及乙酸与丙酸比(P<0.05),显著提高了丙酸浓度(P<0.05)。H0.1和H1.0对瘤胃微生物发酵无显著影响(P>0.05)。H10.0、H100.0和MON增加了肽、氨基酸浓度和蛋白酶活性(P<0.05),但显著降低了NH3-N浓度和脱氨酶活性(P<0.05)。H10.0、H100.0和MON也显著增加了栖瘤胃普雷沃氏菌(Prevotellaruminicola)和总普雷沃氏菌(genusPrevotella)的相对拷贝数(RPS),显著减少了原虫(protozoa)的RPS(P<0.05)。H10.0、H100.0和MON显著减少了溶纤维丁酸弧菌(Butyrivibriofibrisolven)的RPS(P<0.05),对反刍兽新月形单胞菌(Selenomonasruminantium)、埃氏巨球型菌(Megasphaeraelsdenii)和嗜淀粉瘤胃杆菌(Ruminobacteramylophilus)均无显著影响(P>0.05)。结果提示,从对瘤胃发酵调控和增加非NH3-N流量2方面考虑,10.0mg/L海南霉素为最适剂量;海南霉素对瘤胃发酵的调控模式与莫能菌素相似;海南霉素是通过对普雷沃氏菌属细菌和原虫的数量的影响来调控氮代谢。

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