BONOMI A, QUARANTELLI A, BONOMI B M, et al. Inclusion of rumen-protected choline in diets for dairy cattle. Effect on productive and reproductive efficiency[J]. Nutrition Research Reviews, 1996, 25:413-434.
GURETZKY N A J, CARLSON D B, GARRETT J E, et al. Lipid metabolite profiles and milk production for Holstein and Jersey cows fed rumen-protected choline during the periparturient period[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2006, 89(1):188-200.
[4]
MOLITORIS B A, BAKER D H. The choline requirement of broiler chicks during the seventh week of life[J]. Poultry Science, 1976, 55(1):220-224.
[5]
STOCKLAND W L, BLAYLOCK L G. Choline requirement of pregnant sows and gilts under restricted feeding conditions[J]. Journal of Animal Science, 1974, 39(6):1113-1116.
[6]
TSIAGBE V K, KANG C W, SUNDE M L. The effect of choline supplementation in growing pullet and laying hen diets[J]. Poultry Science, 1982, 61(10):2060-2064.
[7]
JOHNSON B C, MITCHELL H H, PINKOS J A, et al. Choline deficiency in the calf[J]. The Journal of Nutrition, 1951, 43(1):37-48.
[8]
ATKINS K B, ERDMAN R A, VANDERSALL J H. Dietary choline effects on milk yield and duodenal choline flow in dairy cattle[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 1988, 71(1):109-116.
[9]
SHARMA B K, ERDMAN R A. Effect of high amounts of dietary choline supplementation on duodenal choline flow and production responses of dairy cows[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 1988, 71(10):2670-2676.
[10]
SHARMA B K, ERDMAN R A. Effect of dietary and abomasally infused choline on milk production responses of lactating dairy cows[J]. The Journal of Nutrition, 1989, 119(2):248-254.
[11]
ERDMAN R A, SHARMA B K. Effect of dietary rumen-protected choline in lactating dairy cows[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 1991, 74(5):1641-1647.
[12]
DICOSTANZO A, SPAIN J N. Effect of rumen protected choline or methionine on lactational performance and blood metabolities of periparturient Holsteins[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 1995, 78(Suppl. l):188.(Abstr.)
[13]
HARTWELL J R, CECAVA M J, DONKIN S S. Impact of dietary rumen undegradable protein and rumen-protected choline on intake, peripartum liver triacylglyceride, plasma metabolites and milk production in transition dairy cows[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2000, 83(12):2907-2917.
[14]
PINOTTI L, CAMPAGNOLI A, SANGALLI L, et al. Metabolism in periparturient dairy cows fed rumen-protected choline[J]. Animal Feed Science, 2004, 13(Suppl. 1):551-554.
PIEPENBRINK M S, OVERTON T R. Liver metabolism and production of cows fed increasing amounts of rumen-protected choline during the periparturient period[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2003, 86(5):1722-1733.
[17]
ERDMAN R A, SHAVER R D, VANDERSALL J H. Dietary choline for the lactating cow: possible effects on milk synthesis[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 1984, 67(2):410-415.
