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饲料中添加硒酵母和维生素E对刺参生长、免疫力及抗病力的影响

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2011.10.014

Keywords: 刺参,硒酵母,维生素E,免疫力,抗病力

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Abstract:

本文旨在研究饲料中添加硒酵母和维生素E对刺参生长、免疫力及抗病力的影响。采用2×4双因子试验设计,即在基础饲料中分别添加0和250mg/kg的维生素E,每一维生素E水平下分别添加0、100、300和600mg/kg的硒酵母,共制成8种试验饲料,饲喂平均初始体重为(3.52±0.08)g的刺参8周。每组设3个重复,每个重复25头刺参,其中饲喂未添加硒酵母和维生素E的基础饲料的组为对照组。饲养试验结果表明,硒酵母和维生素E对刺参的特定生长率(SGR)均有显著影响(P<0.05),高剂量硒酵母(600mg/kg)和维生素E(250mg/kg)添加组刺参的SGR最高。当饲料中不添加维生素E时,刺参的吞噬活性、呼吸爆发(RB)活性、酚氧化酶(PO)活性和酸性磷酸酶(ACP)活性随硒酵母添加量的增加而升高,且600mg/kg硒酵母添加组上述指标均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。当饲料中250mg/kg的维生素E时,添加600mg/kg硒酵母组刺参的吞噬活性、RB活性和PO活性均高于其他硒酵母添加组,并显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。攻毒试验结果表明饲料中添加硒酵母和维生素E均可显著影响刺参感染灿烂弧菌后的14d内的累积死亡率(P<0.05)。当饲料中不添加维生素E时,刺参的累积死亡率随着硒酵母添加量的增加有下降的趋势(P>0.05)。当饲料中添加250mg/kg的维生素E时,各硒酵母添加组刺参的累积死亡率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。在本试验条件下,饲料中添加硒酵母和维生素E均可提高刺参的特定生长率、免疫力和抗病力,同时添加600mg/kg硒酵母和250mg/kg的维生素E是本研究最优的组合。

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