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不同脂肪来源对断奶仔猪生长性能和脂类代谢的影响

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2011.09.003

Keywords: 仔猪,脂肪,脂肪酶,游离脂肪酸,脂肪酸结合蛋白

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Abstract:

本试验旨在研究不同脂肪来源对断奶仔猪生长性能及脂类代谢的影响。试验采用单因子设计,选用48头(28±1)日龄杜洛克×长白×大白三元杂交断奶仔猪,随机分为3组,每组16个重复(公母各占1/2),每个重复1头猪。3组试验猪分别饲喂添加10%椰子油、10%鱼油和10%猪油的饲粮。试验分为2个阶段,共28d。试验第21天所有仔猪称重采血,每组选6头(公母各占1/2)接近该组平均体重的仔猪继续饲养7d后屠宰。测定试验第1~21天和第22~28天仔猪生长性能;试验第21天和第28天,仔猪采血测定糖脂代谢相关指标。结果表明:饲粮中添加10%椰子油极显著提高仔猪第1~21天平均日增重(P<0.01),极显著降低料重比(P<0.01),与添加10%鱼油相比,显著提高仔猪第22~28天平均日增重(P<0.05)。饲粮中添加10%鱼油降低第21天和第28天仔猪血清甘油三酯(P<0.01,P<0.01)、总胆固醇(P<0.01,P<0.05)、血糖(P<0.05,P<0.01)含量,显著降低第21天血清胰高血糖素含量(P<0.01或P<0.05)。与椰子油相比,猪油显著提高第28天仔猪血清游离脂肪酸含量(P<0.05)。鱼油和猪油显著提高胰脂肪酶活性(P<0.05,P<0.05)、空肠脂肪酸结合蛋白2(FABP2)mRNA表达(P<0.05,P<0.01),且猪油组FABP2mRNA表达水平显著高于鱼油组(P<0.05)。结果提示,椰子油对仔猪的促生长效果优于鱼油和猪油,鱼油降低血脂及血糖水平,鱼油和猪油通过增加脂肪酶活性及FABP2mRNA的表达促进脂肪吸收。

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