PULLEN D L, PALMQUIST D L, EMERY R S. Effect of days of lactation and methionine hydroxy analog on incorporation of plasma fatty acids into plasma triglycerides[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 1989, 72(1):49-58.
[2]
REYNOLDS C K, AIKMAN P C, LUPOLI B, et al. Splanchnic metabolism of dairy cows during the transition from late gestation through early lactation[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2003, 86(4):1201-1217.
[3]
EMERY R S, LIESMAN J S, HERDT T H. Metabolism of long-chain fatty acids by ruminant liver[J]. Journal of Nutrition, 1992, 122(3):832-837.
[4]
RABELO E, REZENDE R L, BERTICS S J, et al. Effects of transition diets varying in dietary energy density on lactation performance and ruminal parameters of dairy cows[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2003, 86(3):916-925.
[5]
GRUM D E, DRACKLEY J K, YOUNKER R S, et al. Nutrition during the dry period and hepatic lipid metabolism of periparturient dairy cows[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 1996, 79(10):1850-1864.
[6]
MINOR D J, TROWER S L, STRANG B D, et al. Effects of nonfiber carbohydrate and niacin on periparturient metabolic status and lactation of dairy cows[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 1998, 81(1):189-200.
[7]
MASHEK D G, BEEDE D K. Peripartum responses of dairy cows to partial substitution of corn silage with corn grain in diets fed during the late dry period[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2000, 83(10):2310-2318.
[8]
KEADY T W J, MAYNE C S, FITZPATRICK D A, et al. Effect of concentrate feed level in late gestation on subsequent milk yield, milk composition, and fertility of dairy cows[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2001, 84(6):1468-1479.
[9]
MANDEBVU P, BALLARD C S, SNIFFEN C J, et al. Effect of feeding an energy supplement prepartum and postpartum on milk yield and composition, and incidence of ketosis in dairy cows[J]. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2003, 105(8):81-93.
[10]
KRONFELD D S. Major metabolic determinants of milk volume, mammary efficiency, and spontaneous ketosis in dairy cows[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 1982, 65(11):2204-2212.
[11]
DOUGLAS G N, DRACKLEY J K, OVERTON T R, et al. Lipid metabolismand production by Holstein cows fed control or high fat diets at restricted or ad libitum intakes during the dry period[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 1998, 81(Suppl. 1):295.
[12]
BERTICS S J, GRUMMER R R. Effects of fat and methionine hydroxy analog on prevention or alleviation of fatty liver induced by feed restriction[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 1999, 82(12):2731-2736.
[13]
GRUM D E, DRACKLEY J K, YOUNKER R S, et al. Nutrition during the dry period and hepatic lipid metabolism of periparturient dairy cows[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 1996, 79(10):1850-1864.
[14]
SCHEER W A, LUCY M C, KERLEY M S, et al. Effects of feeding soybeans and rumen-protected choline during late gestation and early lactation on performance of dairy cows[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2002, 85(Suppl. 1): 276.
[15]
PINOTTI L, BALDI A, POLITIS I, et al. Rumen-protected choline administration to transition cows: effects on milk production and vitamin E status[J]. Journal of Veterinarian Medicine, 2003, 50(1):18-21.
[16]
WU X, SHANG A, JIANG H, et al. Demonstration of biphasic effects of docosahexaenoic acid on apolipoprotein B secretion in HepG2 cells[J]. Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis Vascular Biology, 1997, 17(11):3347-3355.
[17]
MASHEK D G, BERTICSS J, GRUMMER R R. Metabolic fate of long-chain unsaturated fatty acids and their effects on palmitic acid metabolism and gluconeogenesis in bovine hepatocytes[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2002, 85(9):2283-2289.
[18]
PIEPENBRINK M S, OVERON T R. Hepatic palmitate metabolism of peripartrient dairy cows as affected by nutrients supplied in vitro[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2003, 86(Suppl. 1):220.
[19]
STRANG B D, BERTICS S J, GRUMMER R R, et al. Effect of long-chain fatty acids on triglyceride accumulation, gluconeogenesis, and ureagenesis in bovine hepatocytes[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 1998, 81(3):728-739.
[20]
ZHU L H, ARMENTANO L E, BREMMER D R, et al. Plasma concentration of urea, ammonia, glutamine around calving, and the relation of hepatic triglyceride, to plasma ammonia removal and blood acid-base balance[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2000, 83(4):734-740.
[21]
OVERTON T R, DRACKLEY J K, OTTEMANN-ABBAMONTE C J, et al. Substrate utilization for hepatic gluconeogenesis is altered by increased glucose demand in ruminants[J]. Journal of Animal Science, 1999, 77(7):1940-1951.
[22]
HOLCOMB C S, VAN HORN H H, HEAD H H, et al. Effects of prepartum dry matter intake and forage percentage on postpartum performance of lactating dairy cows[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2002, 84(9):2051-2058.
[23]
DOEPEL L, LAPIERRE H, KENNELLY J J. Peripartum performance and metabolism of dairy cows in response to prepartum energy and protein intake[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2002, 85(9):2315-2334.
[24]
DANN H M, VARGA G A, PUTNAM D E. Improving energy supply to late gestation and early postpartum dairy cows[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 1999, 82(8):1765-1778.
[25]
ORDWAY R S, ISHLER V A, VARGA G A. Effects of sucrose supplementation on dry matter intake, milk yield, and blood metabolites of periparturient Holstein dairy cows[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2002, 85(4):879-888.
[26]
PENNER G B, OBA M. Increasing dietary sugar concentration may improve dry matter intake, ruminal fermentation, and productivity of dairy cows in the postpartum phase of the transition period[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2009, 92(7):3341-3353.
[27]
SMITH K L, WALDRON M R, OVERTON T R, et al. Performance of dairy cows as affected by prepartum carbohydrate source and supplementation with chromium throughout the periparturient period[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2002, 85(Suppl. 1):23.
[28]
STOKES S R, GOFF J P. Evaluation of calcium propionate and propylene glycol administered into the esophagus at calving[J]. Professional Animal Science, 2001, 17(3):115-122.
[29]
PICKETT M M, CASSIDY T W, TOZER P R, et al. Effect of prepartum dietary carbohydrate source and monensin on dry matter intake, milk production and blood metabolites of transition dairy cows[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2003, 86(Suppl. 1):10.
[30]
BURHANS W S, BELL A W, NADEAU R, et al. Factors associated with transition cow ketosis incidence in selected New England herds[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2003, 86(Suppl. 1):247.
[31]
DOEPEL L, LAPIERRE H, KENNELLY J J. Peripartum performance and metabolism of dairy cows in response to prepartum energy and protein intake[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2002, 85(9):2315-2334.
[32]
BAUMGARD L H, SANGSTER J K, BAUMAN D E. Milk fat synthesis in dairy cows is progressively reduced by increasing supplemental amounts of trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)[J]. The Journal of Nutrition, 2001, 131(10):1764-1769.
[33]
BAUMAN D E, GRIINARI J M. Nutritional regulation of milk fat synthesis[J]. Annual Review of Nutrition, 2003, 23(2):203-227.
[34]
GIESY J G, VISWANADHA S, HANSON T W, et al. Effects of calcium salts of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on estimated energy balance in Holstein cows early in lactation[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 1999, 82(Suppl. 1):74.
[35]
BERNAL-SANTOS G, PERFIELD J W, BARBANO D M, et al. Production responses of dairy cows to dietary supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) during the transition period and early lactation[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2003, 86(10):3218-3228.
[36]
SELBERG K T, STAPLES C R, BADINGA L. Production and metabolic responses to dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and trans-octadecenoic acid isomers in periparturient dairy cows[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2002, 85(Suppl. 1):19.
[37]
GRUMMER R R. Etiology of lipid-related metabolic disorders in periparturient dairy cows[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 1993, 76(12):3882-3896.
[38]
YAO Z M, VANCE D E. Reduction in VLDL, but not HDL, in plasma of rats deficient in choline[J]. Biochemistry and Cell Biology-biochimie et Biologie Cellulaire, 1990, 68(2):552-558.
[39]
HARTWELL J R, CECAVA J, DONKIN S S. Impact of dietary rumen undegradable protein and rumen-protected choline on intake, peripartum liver triacylglyceride, plasma metabolites, and milk production in transition dairy cows[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2000, 83(12):2907-2917.
[40]
ZAHRA L C, DUFFIELD T F, LESLIE K E, et al. Effects of rumen protected choline and monensin on milk production and metabolism of periparturient dairy cows[J]. Journal of Dariy Science, 2006, 89(12):4808-4818.