全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

饲粮中三聚氰胺对乳成分的影响及其在牛奶中的残留规律

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2012.11.021

Keywords: 三聚氰胺,牛奶,残留,奶牛

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

本试验旨在研究饲粮中三聚氰胺对泌乳奶牛干物质采食量、产奶量和乳成分的影响,并探讨饲粮中三聚氰胺在牛奶中的残留规律。试验选择9头泌乳中期的中国荷斯坦奶牛,随机分成3组,分别饲喂添加0.1%(MEL1组)、0.5%(MEL2组)和1.0%(MEL3组)三聚氰胺的饲粮(干物质基础)。试验期28d。结果表明,饲粮添加三聚氰胺对奶牛干物质采食量、产奶量、乳脂、乳蛋白和乳糖含量无显著影响(P>0.05);但乳中尿素含量随着三聚氰胺添加量的增加显著升高(P<0.05)。乳中三聚氰胺含量随添加量的增加而显著增加(P<0.05),在MEL1、MEL2和MEL3这3个组的含量分别为5.48、28.32和51.96mg/L,乳中三聚氰胺产量分别为66.00、420.05和745.20mg/d。饲粮中三聚氰胺向乳中转化的效率在3个组间无显著差异(P>0.05),平均转化率为(0.51±0.10)%。在停喂三聚氰胺后牛奶中三聚氰胺含量迅速降低,在停喂后第3天三聚氰胺残留量均低于0.05mg/L。综合本试验结果可知,泌乳奶牛日粮添加三聚氰胺可显著提高牛奶中三聚氰胺残留量,但对奶牛干物质采食量、产奶量和乳成分无显著影响。

References

[1]  USFDA.Interim melamine and analogues safety/risk assessment [EB/OL].2007-05-25 [2012-03-26].http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/melamra.html.
[2]  NEWTON G L,UTLEY P R.Melamine as a dietary nitrogen source for ruminants[J].Journal of Animal Science,1978,47(6):1338-1344.
[3]  BROOME A W.The use of non-protein nitrogen in animal feeds[M].London:J & A Churchill Ltd.,1968.
[4]  陈杰.家畜生理学[M].4版.北京:中国农业出版社,2003:425-439.
[5]  CRUYWAGEN C W,STANDER M A,ADONIS M,et al.Hot topic:pathway confirmed for the transmission of melamine from feed to cow’s milk[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2009,92(4):2046-2050.
[6]  USFDA.Melamine pet food recall of 2007 [EB/OL].2010-11-29 [2012-03-26].http://www.fda.gov/oc/opacom/hottopics/petfood.html.
[7]  BURNS K.Recall shines spotlight on pet foods[J].Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association,2007,230(9),1285-1286.
[8]  BURNS K.Events leading to the major recall of pet foods[J].Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association,2007,230(11),1600-1620.
[9]  王加启,于建国.饲料分析与检验[M].北京:中国剂量出版社,2004.
[10]  VAN SOEST P J,ROBERTSON J B,LEWIS B A.Methods for dietary fiber,neutral detergent fiber,and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1991,74(10):3583-3597.
[11]  USFDA.Updated FCC developmental melamine quantitation(HPLC-UV) [EB/OL].2007-04-02 [2012-03-26].http://www.fda.gov/cvm/melamine04022007.html.
[12]  MELNICK R L,BOORMAN G A,HASEMAN J K,et al.Urolithiasis and bladder carcinogenicity of melamine in rodents [J].Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology,1984,72(2):292-303.
[13]  OECD.OECD SIDS analysis UNEP publications:melamine[M]. [S.l.]:[s.n.],2002.
[14]  CLARK R.Melamine crystalluria in sheep[J].Journal of the South African Veterinary Medical Association 1966;37:349-351.
[15]  MACKENZIE H I.Melamine for sheep[J].Journal of the South African Veterinary Medical Association,1966;37:153-157.
[16]  CLARK R,BARRATT E L,KELLERMAN J H.A comparison between nitrogen retention from urea,biuret,triuret and cyanuric acid by sheep on low protein roughage diet[J].Journal of the South African Veterinary Medical Association,1965,36:79-80.
[17]  HATFIELD E E,GARRIGUS U S,FORBES R M,et al.Biuret-a source of NPN for ruminants[J]. Journal of Animal Science,1959,18:1208-1219.
[18]  BAYNES R E,SMITH G,MASON S E,et al.Pharmacokinetics of melamine in pigs following intravenous administration [J].Food and Chemical Toxicology,2008,46(3):1196-1200.
[19]  林祥梅,王建峰,贾广乐,等.三聚氰胺的毒性研究[J].毒理学杂志,2008,22:216-218
[20]  REIMSCHUESSEL R,GIESEKER C M,MILLER R A,et al.Evaluation of the renal effects of experimental feeding of melamine and cyanuric acid to fish and pigs[J].American Journal of Veterinary Research,2008,69(9):1217-1228.
[21]  BROWN C A,JEONG K S,POPPENGA R H.Outbreaks of renal failure associated with melamine and cyanuric acid in dogs and cats in 2004 and 2007[J].Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation,2007,19:525-531.
[22]  SATTER L D,ROFFLER R E.Nitrogen requirement and utilization in dairy cattle[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1975,58:1219.
[23]  KAUFMAN A J,STPIERRE N R.The relationship of milk urea nitrogen to urine nitrogen excretion in Holstein and jersey cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2001,84:2284-2294.
[24]  JONKER J S,KOHN R A,ERDMAN H A.Using milk urea nitrogen to predict nitrogen and utilization efficiency in lactating dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1998,81:1681-2692.

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133