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饲料中不同脂肪源对鲤鱼生长性能、脂质代谢和抗氧化能力的影响

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2012.07.023

Keywords: 鲤鱼,脂肪源,生长性能,脂质代谢,抗氧化能力

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Abstract:

在一种实用饲料配方的基础上,分别添加1.5%的鱼油、豆油、菜籽油、亚麻籽油和猪油作为单一脂肪源,配制成5种等氮等能(粗蛋白质含量35%,总能15MJ/kg)的试验饲料,通过8周的饲养试验,以研究饲料中不同脂肪源对鲤鱼生长性能、体组成、肝胰脏脂质代谢相关酶和抗氧化酶活性的影响。选取平均初重为(5.83±0.01)g的鲤鱼750尾,随机分成5组,每组3个重复,每个重复50尾鱼。结果表明:特定生长率(SGR)、蛋白质效率(PER)、饲料系数(FCR)以鱼油组最好,猪油组最差,且2组间存在显著差异(P<0.05)。SGR、PER和FCR在豆油组、菜籽油组、亚麻籽油组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。不同脂肪源对全鱼粗蛋白质和粗脂肪含量有显著影响(P<0.05),但对全鱼干物质和粗灰分含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。鱼油组全鱼粗蛋白质含量最高,而粗脂肪含量最低。肝胰脏脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)活性以鱼油组最高,其次是豆油组、菜籽油组、亚麻籽油组,以猪油组最低。肝胰脏苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)活性表现为:亚麻籽油组>豆油组>鱼油组>菜籽油组>猪油组。猪油组肝胰脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著低于其他各组(P<0.05),而其他各组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。不同脂肪源对肝胰脏总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)有显著影响(P<0.05),以鱼油组最高,猪油组最低。由此可见,鱼油是鲤鱼较适宜的脂肪源,而猪油不适宜作为鲤鱼的单一脂肪源,会损害肝胰脏健康,进而影响鱼体生长。

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