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不同磷水平和钙磷比饲粮添加植酸酶对妊娠母猪养分表观消化率的影响

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.03.029

Keywords: 植酸酶,无机磷,,母猪,养分表观消化率

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Abstract:

本试验旨在研究不同磷水平和钙磷比饲粮添加植酸酶对妊娠母猪养分消化率的影响。试验选择遗传背景一致、2~3胎次(预产期前28d)、体重为(221.91±7.41)kg、预产期相近的健康"长×大"二元杂交母猪36头,按照胎次、预产期均衡原则随机分为9个组,每个组4个重复。对照组饲喂基础饲粮(钙、磷水平分别为7.26、5.81g/kg);组2为基础饲粮添加植酸酶;组3~5保持钙水平(7.26g/kg)不变添加植酸酶,减少无机磷添加至对照组的75%、50%、25%[钙磷比为(1.35~1.63):1.00];组6~9保持钙磷比不变(1.25:1.00)添加植酸酶,减少无机磷添加至对照组的75%、50%、25%、0。结果表明:1)正常磷水平下,添加植酸酶显著提高了干物质、粗灰分、有机物和磷的表观消化率(P<0.05),极显著降低了粪中磷的排泄量(P<0.01),有降低铜、锌排泄量的趋势(P<0.10)。与对照相比,低磷水平添加植酸酶极显著提高了干物质、粗灰分、有机物、磷、钙、铁、铜、锌的表观消化率(P<0.01),显著降低了粪中磷、钙、铁、铜、锌的排泄量(P<0.05)。2)饲粮在保持钙水平不变或钙磷比不变的条件下添加植酸酶,随磷添加量的降低,干物质、粗灰分、有机物、磷、铁、铜、锌的表观消化率均呈线性或二次升高(P<0.05),粪中磷、铁、铜、锌的排泄量呈线性或二次降低(P<0.01),保持钙磷比不变,钙、粗蛋白质的表观消化率显著提高(P<0.05)。3)以表观可消化磷为标准,饲粮保持钙水平不变和钙磷比不变添加植酸酶可分别替代0.91、1.27g/kg的无机磷,减少24.70%、34.48%的粪磷排泄量。4)钙磷比不变(1.25:1.00)组饲粮的养分表观消化率极显著高于钙水平不变[高钙磷比(1.35~1.63):1.00]组饲粮(P<0.01),且粪矿物质的排泄量极显著减少(P<0.01)。综上所述:1)在本研究条件下,在低无机磷、低钙磷比(1.25:1.00)饲粮中,添加植酸酶提高养分消化率的效果更显著。2)以表观可消化磷为标准,母猪饲粮的钙磷比为1.25:1.00时,添加植酸酶可减少1.27g/kg的磷添加。

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