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菜籽油替代鱼油对大菱鲆幼鱼生长、脂肪酸组成及脂肪沉积的影响

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.03.013

Keywords: 菜籽油,鱼油,脂肪酸组成,脂肪沉积,大菱鲆

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Abstract:

本试验旨在研究饲料中菜籽油替代鱼油对大菱鲆(ScophthalmusmaximusL.)幼鱼生长、脂肪酸组成以及脂肪沉积的影响。以菜籽油分别替代0、33.3%、66.7%和100.0%的鱼油,配制4种等氮等脂实用饲料。选择初始体重为(5.89±0.02)g的大菱鲆幼鱼420尾,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复35尾。每种饲料随机投喂1组试验鱼,养殖周期为92d。结果表明:1)随菜籽油替代水平的升高,大菱鲆幼鱼的终末体重和特定生长率均有下降的趋势,而肝体比则有升高的趋势,其中全菜籽油组的终末体重和特定生长率显著低于全鱼油组(P<0.05),肝体比则显著高于全鱼油组(P<0.05)。菜籽油替代水平并未显著影响大菱鲆幼鱼的存活率、饲料效率、摄食率和表观净蛋白质利用率(P>0.05)。2)菜籽油替代水平并未显著影响大菱鲆幼鱼的体成分、肌肉脂肪含量以及饲料脂肪表观消化率(P>0.05),但显著影响了大菱鲆幼鱼的肝脏脂肪含量(P<0.05)。66.7%菜籽油组和全菜籽油组肝脏脂肪含量显著高于全鱼油组(P<0.05)。3)肝脏和肌肉脂肪酸组成与饲料脂肪酸组成呈正相关关系;相对于全鱼油组,66.7%菜籽油组和全菜籽油组肌肉和肝脏中C18:2n-6(亚油酸)和α-C18:3n-3(α-亚麻酸)含量显著升高(P<0.05),而C20:5n-3(EPA)和C22:6n-3(DHA)含量显著下降(P<0.05)。综上可知,从营养品质角度考虑,在大菱鲆幼鱼饲料中菜籽油替代鱼油水平应低于66.7%。

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