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益生菌对生长猪生长性能、粪便微生物数量、养分表观消化率和血清免疫指标的影响

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.03.021

Keywords: 生长猪,益生菌,生长性能,粪便微生物,养分消化率,免疫指标

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Abstract:

本试验旨在研究益生菌(短乳杆菌、酵母及其复合菌)对生长猪生长性能、粪便微生物数量、养分表观消化率和血清免疫指标的影响。选取108头平均体重为(13.68±0.41)kg的"杜×长×大"三元杂交猪,随机分为4组,即对照组、短乳杆菌组、酵母组和复合菌组,每组3个重复,每个重复9头猪。试验分2个阶段,第1阶段为第1~32天,第2阶段为第33~61天,全期共61d。结果表明:1)第1阶段中,与对照组相比,各益生菌组的末重以及短乳杆菌组和复合菌组的平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05),短乳杆菌组和酵母组的料重比显著降低(P<0.05);第2阶段中,复合菌组的末重显著高于对照组(P<0.05);整个试验期,与对照组相比,短乳杆菌组和复合菌组的平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05),复合菌组的料重比显著降低(P<0.05)。2)在第32天,与对照组相比,各益生菌组粪便中酵母数量显著升高(P<0.05),短乳杆菌组和复合菌组粪便中乳酸菌数量显著升高、大肠杆菌数量显著降低(P<0.05);在第61天,与对照组相比,各益生菌组粪便中乳酸菌和酵母数量显著升高(P<0.05),短乳杆菌组和复合菌组粪便中大肠杆菌数量显著降低(P<0.05)。3)在第32天,短乳杆菌组和复合菌组的粗蛋白质、钙表观消化率以及酵母组的钙、磷表观消化率较对照组显著升高(P<0.05);在第61天,短乳杆菌组和复合菌组的粗蛋白质、钙、磷表观消化率以及酵母组的钙、磷表观消化率较对照组显著提高(P<0.05)。4)在第32天,与对照组相比,各益生菌组的血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)含量以及复合菌组的血清总蛋白(TP)、球蛋白(GLB)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量显著升高(P<0.05);在第61天,与对照组相比,短乳杆菌组的血清TP、GLB、IgA和IgG含量,酵母组的血清TP和IgG含量,复合菌组的血清GLB、IgA和IgG含量显著升高(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加益生菌能够改善生长猪的肠道微生态环境,提高饲粮养分表观消化率,增强机体免疫功能,从而提高生长性能。

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