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斜带石斑鱼生长性能、体成分和组织游离氨基酸含量对饲料中牛磺酸含量的响应

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.03.016

Keywords: 斜带石斑鱼,牛磺酸,生长性能,体成分,游离氨基酸

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Abstract:

本试验旨在探讨饲料中牛磺酸含量对斜带石斑鱼生长性能、体成分及组织游离氨基酸含量的影响。以酪蛋白和明胶为蛋白质源配制低牛磺酸含量的基础饲料,在基础饲料中分别添加0(对照)、0.4%、0.8%、1.2%、1.6%的牛磺酸,配制成5种试验饲料。将300尾平均体重为(19.14±0.06)g斜带石斑鱼幼鱼随机分为5组(每组3个重复,每个重复20尾),每组投喂1种试验饲料,饲养周期为56d。结果表明:与对照组相比,各牛磺酸添加组试验鱼的增重率、摄食率和饲料效率均显著增加(P<0.05),内脏指数显著降低(P<0.05),肝脏指数、肥满度无显著变化(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,各牛磺酸添加组试验鱼全鱼粗蛋白质含量显著升高(P<0.05),全鱼粗脂肪含量显著降低(P<0.05),全鱼水分和粗灰分含量则无显著变化(P>0.05)。各牛磺酸添加组试验鱼肝脏和肌肉中总非必需氨基酸、总氨基酸、游离丝氨酸含量以及肝脏游离蛋氨酸含量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验鱼血清、肝脏、肌肉和全鱼中牛磺酸含量随饲料中牛磺酸含量的增加而呈上升趋势,且与饲料中牛磺酸含量存在显著正相关关系(r>0.907,P<0.05)。随饲料中牛磺酸含量的增加,肝脏牛磺酸保留率呈上升趋势,而肌肉中牛磺酸保留率则呈先上升后下降的趋势;此外,各组试验鱼肌肉牛磺酸保留率均高于肝脏。由此得出,饲料中一定含量的牛磺酸能促进斜带石斑鱼生长和摄食,降低全鱼脂肪沉积,增加全鱼蛋白质沉积,降低组织中游离氨基酸含量。以增重率为指标,通过回归分析得出斜带石斑鱼饲料中牛磺酸的适宜含量为1.04%。

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