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不同非淀粉多糖复合酶在肉鸡玉米-豆粕型饲粮中的应用效果

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2013.10.030

Keywords: 玉米-豆粕型饲粮,非淀粉多糖复合酶,肉鸡,生长性能,消化道生理

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Abstract:

本文旨在研究低能量水平的玉米-豆粕型饲粮中添加不同非淀粉多糖(NSP)复合酶对肉鸡生长性能、消化道生理、屠宰性能、肠道微生物数量及经济效益的影响,以确定适宜的NSP复合酶。试验采用单因子完全随机设计,选取900只1日龄的科宝肉公鸡,按体重无差异原则随机分为5个组,正对照组(PC组)饲喂正常能量水平的基础饲粮;负对照组(NC组)饲喂在PC组饲粮的基础上降低270kJ/kg能量水平的饲粮;NSP复合酶组饲喂在NC组饲粮中分别添加NSP复合酶1(300g/t)、NSP复合酶2(300g/t)、NSP复合酶3(500g/t)的饲粮,每个组10个重复,每个重复18只鸡。试验分为前期(1~21d)、后期(22~42d)2阶段进行。结果表明:1)与PC组相比,NC组第21天平均体重与1~21d平均体增重均显著降低(P<0.05),与NC组相比,NSP复合酶组第21天的平均体重与1~21d的平均体增重均显著提高(P<0.05);与PC组相比,NC组1~21d和1~42d的料重比均显著提高(P<0.05),与NC组相比,NSP复合酶组1~21d和1~42d料重比均显著降低(P<0.05)。2)各组间第21和42天的腺胃、十二指肠、空肠、回肠、盲肠相对重量差异均不显著(P>0.05);与PC组相比,NC组第21天的肌胃相对重量显著提高(P<0.05),第42天的肌胃相对重量有提高的趋势(P>0.05),添加NSP复合酶后肌胃相对重量均有降低。与PC组相比,NC组第21天的空肠、回肠、盲肠相对长度都有所提高,但只有盲肠相对长度差异达显著水平(P<0.05);各组间第42天各肠段相对长度均无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)与PC组相比,NC组第21天的空肠、回肠绒毛高度均有增加,其中回肠绒毛高度差异达显著水平(P<0.05);与PC组相比,NC组的十二指肠、空肠和回肠的肌层厚度均有增加,NSP复合酶3组的十二指肠肌层厚度显著提高(P<0.05)。各组间第42天各段肠道形态指标差异均不显著(P>0.05)。4)与PC组相比,NC组的屠宰性能指标差异均不显著(P>0.05);与NC组相比,NSP复合酶1组和NSP复合酶2组的胸肌率显著增加(P<0.05)。5)各组间大肠杆菌和双歧杆菌数量差异均不显著(P>0.05);NSP复合酶2组第7天的乳酸杆菌数量显著低于PC组和NC组(P<0.05)。6)以PC组利润为100%,与之相比NSP复合酶1组提高的利润幅度最大。从结果中可以看出,在低能量水平玉米-豆粕型饲粮中添加NSP复合酶可显著提高肉鸡前期生长性能,对后期生长性能无显著影响,对肉鸡肠道形态具有改善作用,但对屠宰性能和肠道微生物数量无显著影响,另外添加不同的NSP复合酶可不同程度地提高经济效益。综合考虑,本试验中NSP复合酶1的应用效果最优。

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