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日粮中氨化稻草水平对体外培养发酵甲烷和挥发性脂肪酸产量的影响

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2013.08.017

Keywords: 稻草,氨化,瘤胃,甲烷,挥发性脂肪酸

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Abstract:

本试验旨在研究日粮中不同氨化稻草水平对瘤胃甲烷(CH4)和挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)产量的影响.以2头安装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的成年西门塔尔牛作为瘤胃液供体,以未处理稻草、4%尿素氨化稻草和6%尿素氨化稻草为粗料,分别与精料混合料以6种比例配合日粮,其中精料与粗料的混合比例分别为0:100、20:80、40:60、60:40、80:20、100:0.应用Menke等(1979)的体外培养发酵技术进行培养发酵并测定日粮48h的总产气量、CH4和VFA产量.结果表明:日粮精料/粗料为0:100时,4%尿素氨化稻草组和6%尿素氨化稻草组总VFA(TVFA)产量显著高于未氨化稻草组(P<0.05);随着日粮精料比例增加,乙酸、丙酸和TVFA产量显著增加(P<0.05),乙酸/TVFA和乙酸/丙酸显著下降(P<0.05);当日粮精料/粗料为40:60时,4%尿素氨化稻草组和6%尿素氨化稻草组48hCH4产量显著高于未氨化稻草组(P<0.05),并且4%尿素氨化稻草组48h总产气量显著高于未氨化稻草组(P<0.05),在一定程度上高于6%尿素氨化稻草组(P>0.05);随着日粮精料比例增加,CH4产量和总产气量显著增加(P<0.05);48h总产气量和CH4产量的组合效应值最高的组为日粮精料/粗料40:60的4%尿素氨化稻草组;各组48h总产气量均产生正组合效应,4%尿素氨化稻草组中CH4/TVFA均产生负组合效应.由此可知,CH4产量与日粮精料/粗料和日粮中粗料的品质有关.当日粮精料/粗料为40:60时,4%尿素氨化稻草组48h总产气量和CH4产量最高,但CH4/TVFA最低.

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