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不同中性洗涤纤维与淀粉比例饲粮对生长肉兔生产性能、盲肠发酵及胃肠道发育的影响

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2013.08.014

Keywords: 中性洗涤纤维,淀粉,肉兔,生产性能,盲肠发酵,胃肠道发育

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Abstract:

本试验旨在研究不同中性洗涤纤维(NDF)与淀粉比例饲粮对生长肉兔生产性能、盲肠发酵及胃肠道发育的影响.选用平均体重相近的35日龄断奶新西兰肉兔200只,随机分成4组,每组50只,分别饲喂NDF与淀粉比例为2.3(NDF,336g/kgDM;淀粉,145g/kgDM;Ⅰ组)、1.9(NDF,306g/kgDM;淀粉,164g/kgDM;Ⅱ组)、1.4(NDF,273g/kgDM;淀粉,192g/kgDM;Ⅲ组)和1.0(NDF,250g/kgDM;淀粉,250g/kgDM;Ⅳ组)的试验饲粮.预试期7d,正试期40d.结果表明:饲粮NDF与淀粉比例对试兔平均日增重(ADG)、料重比(F/G)影响显著(P<0.05),对平均日采食量(ADFI)无显著影响(P>0.05).随着NDF水平降低和淀粉水平的升高,ADG先升高后降低,以Ⅱ组最高,为23.59g/d;F/G先降低后升高,以Ⅱ组最低,为2.93.试兔平均腹泻天数随饲粮NDF水平升高而极显著降低(P<0.01).Ⅱ组试兔的胃重、小肠重、盲肠重以及小肠长度均为最高(长),且饲粮NDF与淀粉比例对胃重、小肠重的影响达到显著水平(P<0.05).饲粮NDF与淀粉比例对盲肠内容物丙酸含量有显著影响(P<0.05),对pH、氨态氮浓度、乙酸含量和丁酸含量及乙酸/(丙酸+丁酸)无显著影响(P>0.05).Ⅱ和Ⅲ组盲肠内容物丙酸含量显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅳ组(P<0.05).饲粮NDF与淀粉比例对试兔十二指肠绒毛高度有极显著的影响(P<0.01),对试兔十二指肠隐窝深度及绒毛高度/隐窝深度无显著影响(P>0.05).以Ⅱ组试兔的十二指肠绒毛长度最长,达到851.02μm,极显著高于其他各组(P<0.01).综合本试验测定指标,生长肉兔饲粮适宜的NDF水平为305.7g/kgDM,淀粉水平为163.8g/kgDM,NDF与淀粉比例为1.9.

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