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克氏原螯虾的脂肪需求量及饲料中脂肪与糖类适宜比例的研究

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2013.05.017

Keywords: 克氏原螯虾,脂肪,糖类,需求量,适宜比例

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Abstract:

为研究克氏原螯虾(Procambarusclarkii)饲料中脂肪的适宜水平以及脂肪与糖类的适宜比例,以菜籽粕、鱼粉、豆粕、面粉和糊精等为主要原料配制5种等氮(蛋白质水平约为35%)等能(消化能约为13MJ/kg)的半纯合饲料,分别饲喂5组平均体重为(8.15±0.03)g的克氏原螯虾幼虾,每组4个重复,每个重复20尾。5种饲料的脂肪水平(%)/糖类水平(%)分别为3/36.94(A1组)、5/34.15(A2组)、7/26.98(A3组)、9/24.56(A4组)和11/21.85(A5组)。试验期为40d。结果表明:随着饲料中脂肪与糖类比例的增加,各组的存活率先上升后下降,A1组显著低于其他各组(P<0.05),A2组显著高于A1和A5组(P<0.05)。饲料系数和摄食率各组之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。增重率与特定生长率A2、A3和A4组之间差异不显著(P>0.05),但A2、A3和A4组的增重率显著高于A1组(P<0.05),特定生长率显著高于A1和A5组(P<0.05)。A5组的蛋白质效率最低,显著低于A2组(P<0.05)。肌肉中水分、粗灰分和粗蛋白质含量均以A5组为最高,显著高于A2组(P<0.05),与A3和A4组差异不显著(P>0.05)。肌肉中粗脂肪、钙和磷含量各组之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。随着饲料中脂肪水平的提高,血清脂蛋白脂酶活力呈现先上升后下降的趋势,肠道中淀粉酶活力则呈现先下降后上升的趋势,极值均出现在A3组。综合以上试验结果认为,在本试验条件下,初始体重为(8.15±0.03)g的克氏原螯虾对脂肪的需求量在7%左右,饲料中脂肪与糖类的适宜比例为1.00:3.85。

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