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发酵豆粕对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、血清生化指标、肠道黏膜免疫功能及微生物菌群的影响

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2013.04.023

Keywords: 发酵豆粕,黄羽肉鸡,生长性能,血清生化指标,黏膜免疫,微生物菌群

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Abstract:

本试验旨在研究发酵豆粕对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、血清生化指标、肠道黏膜免疫功能及微生物菌群的影响。选取1日龄黄羽肉鸡250羽,随机分为5个组(每组设5个重复,每个重复10羽):Ⅰ组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮;Ⅱ组为抗生素对照组,在基础饲粮中添加15%杆菌肽锌200mg/kg和10%硫酸粘杆菌素60mg/kg;Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组为试验组,在基础饲粮中分别用3%、6%、9%的发酵豆粕替代部分普通豆粕,试验期28d。结果表明:1)与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅳ、Ⅴ组体增重分别显著提高了3.87%、4.38%(P<0.05);Ⅳ、Ⅴ组料重比分别降低了4.57%(P>0.05)、5.71%(P<0.05);Ⅴ组成活率极显著提高了6.38%(P<0.01)。2)Ⅱ、Ⅴ组血清碱性磷酸酶活性显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05);Ⅰ组血清尿酸含量最高,显著高于Ⅴ组(P<0.05),但与其他各组差异不显著(P>0.05)。3)Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组十二指肠绒毛高度均极显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.01),其中Ⅴ组最高;Ⅴ组肥大细胞数量最低,极显著低于Ⅰ组(P<0.01);Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组分泌型免疫球蛋白A(sIgA)阳性细胞数量极显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.01),其中Ⅴ组最高。4)Ⅱ、Ⅴ组大肠杆菌数量显著低于Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组(P<0.05),Ⅴ组乳酸菌数量显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。可见,在黄羽肉鸡生长前期用9%发酵豆粕替代部分普通豆粕能够提高体增重,改善料重比,提高血清中碱性磷酸酶活性并降低尿酸含量,同时提高十二指肠绒毛高度,稳定肥大细胞和sIgA阳性细胞数量,增强肠道黏膜免疫功能,并降低盲肠大肠杆菌数量,增加乳酸菌数量,改善肠道微环境。

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