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饲粮维生素A添加水平对43~63日龄黄羽肉鸡生长性能和抗氧化指标的影响

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2013.02.024

Keywords: 黄羽肉鸡,维生素A,生长性能,抗氧化指标,肉品质

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Abstract:

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平维生素A对43~63日龄黄羽肉鸡生长性能、抗氧化指标和肉品质的影响。选用43日龄快长型岭南黄羽肉公鸡1080只,根据体重均衡原则随机分为6个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复30只鸡。处理1为空白对照组,饲喂基础饲粮,其维生素A含量为208IU/kg,处理2、3、4、5、6为试验组,在基础饲粮中分别添加750、1500、3000、6000、12000IU/kg维生素A,其他营养成分各处理基本一致。试鸡自由采食与饮水。试验期21d。结果表明:1)饲粮添加1500、3000、6000、12000IU/kg维生素A均显著提高了试鸡63日龄体重、平均日增重和平均日采食量(P<0.05),但对料重比无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)随着饲粮维生素A添加水平升高,试鸡血浆、肝脏维生素A含量显著提高(P<0.05)。添加3000、6000、12000IU/kg维生素A组血清维生素A含量显著高于空白对照组(P<0.05),添加6000、12000IU/kg维生素A组显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),而添加12000IU/kg维生素A组又显著高于添加6000IU/kg维生素A组(P<0.05)。3)饲粮添加3000IU/kg维生素A显著提高了试鸡血清、肝脏和胸肌总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性(P<0.05),显著降低了丙二醛(MDA)含量(P<0.05)。4)饲粮添加750~6000IU/kg维生素A显著降低了试鸡宰后45min胸肌肉色亮度(L*)值(P<0.05),添加6000IU/kg维生素A显著提高了试鸡胸肌肌内脂肪含量及宰后45min、24h胸肌肉色红度(a*)值和pH(P<0.05),添加3000IU/kg维生素A显著降低了试鸡宰后45min、24h胸肌失水率(P<0.05),添加1500~12000IU/kg维生素A显著降低了试鸡胸肌剪切力值(P<0.05),而对宰后24h胸肌肉色L*值及宰后45min、24h胸肌肉色黄度(b*)值无显著影响(P>0.05)。综合考虑可知,饲粮分别添加1500、3000IU/kg和3000~6000IU/kg维生素A,试鸡可获得较好的生长性能、抗氧化能力和肉品质,加上基础饲粮中的维生素A含量208IU/kg,则相应的饲粮维生素A适宜水平分别为1908、3208IU/kg和3208~6208IU/kg。

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