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热应激对奶牛瘤胃液微生物数量的影响

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2013.02.014

Keywords: 热应激,奶牛,瘤胃,微生物数量

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Abstract:

本试验采用实时荧光定量PCR技术研究热应激对不同泌乳阶段奶牛瘤胃液微生物数量的影响。采用2×3交叉试验设计,根据胎次、平均泌乳天数和产奶量相近的原则,选择18头经产中国荷斯坦奶牛,分为泌乳前期(产后15～100d)组、泌乳中期(产后112～175d)组、泌乳后期(产后200～230d)组,每组6个重复,根据实测的牛场温湿指数(THI)变化,采用热应激与非热应激的自身对照试验。结果表明:与非热应激期相比,热应激极显著提高了泌乳前期组奶牛瘤胃液各类微生物数量(P<0.01),极显著提高了泌乳后期组奶牛瘤胃液黄化瘤胃球菌数量和泌乳中期组的产琥珀酸拟杆菌数量(P<0.01),极显著降低了泌乳中、后期组的总细菌数量、白色瘤胃球菌数量和泌乳后期组的产琥珀酸拟杆菌数量(P<0.01)。整个热应激期THI与泌乳前期组奶牛瘤胃液总细菌数量(P<0.01)、厌氧真菌数量(P<0.05)、白色瘤胃球菌数量(P<0.01)和黄化瘤胃球菌数量(P<0.05)有较强的相关性,而THI与泌乳中、后期组奶牛的这些指标相关性较差。综上所述:1)泌乳前期组奶牛热应激期的瘤胃液各类微生物数量均极显著高于非热应激期,但对泌乳中、后期组的各类微生物数量影响无规律性。2)泌乳前期组奶牛瘤胃液微生物数量对热应激的反应更敏感。

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