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外源纤维酶制剂对青贮玉米体外发酵特性以及甲烷生成的影响

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2013.01.027

Keywords: 外源纤维酶制剂,体外发酵,青贮玉米,反刍动物

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Abstract:

本试验旨在探究添加外源纤维酶制剂对青贮玉米体外(瘤胃)发酵的影响。试验采用单因素试验设计,利用压力读取式体外产气系统,添加11种纤维酶制剂,包括5种纤维素酶(CEL-1、CEL-2、CEL-3、CEL-4、CEL-5)和6种木聚糖酶(XYL-1、XYL-2、XYL-3、XYL-4、XYL-5、XYL-6),对照组不添加酶制剂,纤维素酶组添加水平为30U/g,木聚糖酶组添加水平为40U/g。结果表明:与对照组相比,添加纤维素酶显著降低了底物的潜在产气量(P<0.05),但是显著提高了产气速率(P<0.05),其中添加CEL-1提升产气速率达82.5%;但除XYL-3显著降低了潜在产气量(P<0.05)外,添加木聚糖酶对其他产气参数均无显著影响(P>0.05)。除了XYL-4对酸性洗涤纤维降解率效果不显著(P>0.05)外,酶制剂组的干物质、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维降解率都显著提高(P<0.05)。添加XYL-1、XYL-4和CEL-5显著提高了总挥发性脂肪酸的产量(P<0.05),XYL-3和XYL-4均显著降低了乙酸摩尔比和乙酸:丙酸(P<0.05),显著提高了丙酸摩尔比(P<0.05),但仅XYL-4显著提高了丁酸摩尔比(P<0.05)。体外培养6和12h时,不同酶制剂对甲烷生成的影响呈现较大的变异性,培养到24h时,酶制剂对甲烷生成的影响变得不显著(P>0.05)。由此可知,添加外源纤维酶制剂可提高青贮玉米的干物质、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的降解率,并可在培养前期改变甲烷的生成量。

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