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不同蛋白质饲料对宣汉黄牛瘤胃固相黏附纤维降解微生物数量的影响

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.11.016

Keywords: 菜籽粕,豆粕,棉籽粕,宣汉黄牛,纤维降解微生物

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Abstract:

本文旨在研究豆粕、菜籽粕和棉籽粕3种蛋白质饲料对宣汉黄牛瘤胃固相黏附纤维降解微生物数量的影响。选用4头健康且体重相近装有永久瘤胃瘘管的宣汉黄牛,采用4×4的拉丁方设计,共4期,每期10d,基础组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂以豆粕(豆粕组)、菜籽粕(菜籽粕组)和棉籽粕(棉籽粕组)等量替换基础饲粮中精料(替换比例为基础饲粮的15%)的试验饲粮。采用荧光定量PCR技术分析采食后1、3、5、7和9h瘤胃固相黏附真菌、原虫、白色瘤胃球菌、黄色瘤胃球菌和产琥珀酸丝状杆菌数量的变化。结果表明:1)随采食时间的延长,豆粕组、菜籽粕组和棉籽粕组的瘤胃固相微生物数量的变化趋势各不相同。豆粕组的纤维降解微生物数量集中在采食后5和7h时达到最大值,棉籽粕组几乎都在采食后7h时达到最大值。2)组间比较,从各时间点的平均值来看,棉籽粕组真菌数量显著高于菜籽粕组和豆粕组(P<0.05),菜籽粕组原虫、黄色瘤胃球菌和产琥珀酸丝状杆菌的数量均显著或极显著高于豆粕组和棉籽粕组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。综上,不同蛋白质饲料对瘤胃固相黏附纤维降解微生物的数量有显著影响,以菜籽粕对宣汉黄牛瘤胃固相黏附纤维降解微生物的促进效应最好。

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