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母猪情期启动营养调控分子机制的探讨

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.10.014

Keywords: 营养,母猪,Kisspeptin神经元,情期启动

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Abstract:

养猪生产中后备母猪年更新率高达40%~50%,哺乳母猪断奶后情期启动失败被淘汰比例占30%~40%,50%的母猪终身仅提供30~40头断奶仔猪就被淘汰,给养猪生产带来巨大经济损失。大量研究表明,下丘脑Kisspeptin信号系统在调控雌性动物情期启动和卵泡发育方面发挥重要作用。本课题组前期研究证实,猪的情期启动只有在营养充足、机体处于合成代谢时才能发生和维持。营养是推动后备母猪由生长向繁殖转换,或断奶母猪由泌乳向繁殖转换的物质基础。本文提出了营养调控母猪情期启动的几种理论假设,综述了能量、蛋白质(氨基酸)、维生素D3和部分矿物元素对机体代谢和下丘脑Kisspeptin信号的影响及其在调控母猪情期启动方面的分子机制。

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