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植物蛋白质复合物替代凡纳滨对虾饲料中鱼粉的研究

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.06.008

Keywords: 凡纳滨对虾,鱼粉,植物蛋白质复合物,替代,养分表观消化率

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Abstract:

本试验旨在研究植物蛋白质复合物(膨化豆粕:花生粕:玉米蛋白粉=38%:17%:45%)替代凡纳滨对虾饲料中鱼粉的可行性,并寻求其适宜的替代比例。选择初始体重为(0.52±0.01)g的健康凡纳滨对虾苗720尾,随机分成6组,每组3个重复,每个重复40尾虾。以0、3.91%、7.82%、11.73%、15.64%和23.46%的植物蛋白质复合物分别替代饲料中0、10%、20%、30%、40%和60%的鱼粉,配制成6种等氮等能饲料。试验期为56d。结果表明:植物蛋白质复合物替代不同比例的鱼粉后对凡纳滨对虾的成活率、肝体指数以及全虾粗脂肪和粗灰分含量均未产生显著影响(P>0.05)。替代比例高于40%时,增重率、特定生长率、蛋白质效率以及血清总蛋白和葡萄糖含量显著降低(P0.05),但蛋白质、脂肪和能量及大部分必需氨基酸(蛋氨酸、苯丙氨酸、缬氨酸、组氨酸、精氨酸、苏氨酸)的表观消化率均显著降低(P<0.05)。综合分析生长、饲料利用和养分表观消化率,在蛋白质水平为40%、鱼粉含量为30%的凡纳滨对虾基础饲料中,植物蛋白质复合物(膨化豆粕:花生粕:玉米蛋白粉=38%:17%:45%)替代20%的鱼粉较适宜。

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