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饲料中n-3高不饱和脂肪酸含量对三疣梭子蟹幼蟹生长性能及脂肪酸组成的影响

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.05.016

Keywords: n-3高不饱和脂肪酸,三疣梭子蟹,生长性能,脂肪酸组成

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Abstract:

为研究饲料中n-3高不饱和脂肪酸(HUFA)含量对三疣梭子蟹幼蟹生长性能及脂肪酸组成的影响,本试验配制了n-3HUFA含量分别为0.74%、1.14%、1.55%、1.94%、2.35%、2.76%(干物质基础),且C22∶6n-3(DHA)/C20∶5n-3(EPA)均为1.1的6种等氮等能试验饲料,以初始体重为2.20g左右的三疣梭子蟹幼蟹为研究对象,在室外水泥池中采用单体筐养方式进行为期8周的生长试验。每种试验饲料投喂60只幼蟹,每20只幼蟹作为1个重复。结果表明:2.35%组的增重率、特定生长率、饲料效率和蜕壳率均为最高,其中增重率和特定生长率显著高于0.74%、1.14%和1.55%组(P<0.05),饲料效率显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),蜕壳率显著高于0.74%、1.14%和1.94%组(P<0.05)。饲料中n-3HUFA含量对肝胰腺指数没有显著影响(P>0.05)。各组幼蟹的水分、粗蛋白质、粗灰分含量没有显著差异(P>0.05),但0.74%组的粗脂肪含量显著低于其他各组(P<0.05)。幼蟹肌肉及肝胰腺中的脂肪酸组成受到饲料中n-3HUFA含量的影响,肌肉和肝胰腺中n-3HUFA含量与饲料中n-3HUFA含量存在极显著的正相关关系(P<0.01)。以特定生长率为评价指标,通过折线回归分析估测出三疣梭子蟹幼蟹饲料中n-3HUFA的最适含量为2.357%(干物质基础)。

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