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亚麻籽对肉羊瘤胃液pH、纤毛虫数量和养分表观消化率的影响

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.05.010

Keywords: 亚麻籽,瘤胃液pH,纤毛虫,降解率,表观消化率,肉羊

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Abstract:

本试验旨在研究亚麻籽对肉羊瘤胃液pH、纤毛虫数量和养分表观消化率的影响。选取12只体重相近的1岁羯羊,随机分成4组,每组3个重复,每个重复1只羊,对照组饲喂基础饲粮(无亚麻籽),试验组饲喂的亚麻籽分别采用生粒、炒粒、粉碎3种不同的加工方式。试验包括3个连续的4×4拉丁方试验,亚麻籽添加水平分别为75、150和225g/d。试验期180d,每个拉丁方试验60d,其中分为4期,每期15d。结果表明:1)亚麻籽瘤胃降解率,各发酵时间点粉碎组各养分的瘤胃降解率均极显著高于炒粒组和生粒组(P<0.01)。2)随着饲喂后时间的推移,瘤胃液pH变化基本都经历下降上升再下降再上升的过程;粉碎组>生粒组>炒粒组>对照组;各添加水平的结果呈现225g/d>150g/d>75g/d。3)随着饲喂后时间的推移,瘤胃纤毛虫数量均下降;炒粒组>对照组>生粒组>粉碎组;随着添加水平的增加,总体呈均下降态势。4)饲粮粗脂肪表观消化率为炒粒组>对照组>粉碎组>生粒组,最高为炒粒组,添加水平为225g/d,而最低的则是生粒组,添加水平为225g/d;饲粮粗蛋白质、中性洗涤纤维和干物质表观消化率为炒粒组>对照组>生粒组>粉碎组,最高均为炒粒组,添加水平为225g/d,最低均为粉碎组,添加水平为225g/d。结果提示,肉羊饲粮中添加亚麻籽,影响瘤胃微生态系统的平衡,从而引起微生物生物氢化率的改变,最终使瘤胃液pH出现波动,而瘤胃液pH的波动反过来也会引起瘤胃微生物(包括纤毛虫)数量及结构的变化,最终改变了瘤胃发酵功能和饲粮养分表观消化率。炒粒处理的亚麻籽在改善肉羊瘤胃发酵环境和提高饲粮养分表观消化率上效果较好。

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