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地质通报  2002 

变质核杂岩的定义、类型及构造背景

, PP. 185-192

Keywords: 类型构造背景变质核杂岩拆离断层糜棱岩前锋地壳切除

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Abstract:

伸展变质核杂岩(mcc)的基本特征包括:(1)缓倾至中等倾角的具有大规模位移的(几十千米)区域信至准区域性延伸的主拆离断层;(2)与断层相关的糜棱片和片麻岩下盘(包括可能出露更深层次的非糜棱化结晶岩);(3)上盘上地壳基底岩和/或表壳岩层。关键的一点是,所有为质核杂岩是沿地壳深部(大于10-15km)大型拆离断层大规模地壳伸展和地壳切除(缺失)的产物。我们认为,地壳剖面无大规模缺失的以基底为核的穹隆状杂岩不是一般构造定义上公认的变质核杂岩。变质核杂岩形成于同缩短期和缩短期的多种构造环境中。由于前期或同期或缩短的作用,变质杂岩似乎都发育在地壳强烈增厚的区域。绝大多数(但显然并非全部)变质核杂岩都与岩浆作用有密切的时空关系。变质核杂岩起控制作用的拆离断一般生根于中地壳或直接位于石英变为晶质塑性的韧脆性转化带下的深处,但有些拆了断层切穿大部或整个地壳。大多数为质核杂岩总体上具有不对称或简单剪切的构造几何特征,但有些变质核杂岩呈现较为对称的边界拆离断层。

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